The long-term goal of this project is to define the role of the ceramide metabolizing enzyme family of ceramidases in inflammation and to target these enzymes for novel anti-inflammatory therapy. The PI's laboratory has an established track record of expertise in sphingolipid metabolism and function. Studies from the previous funding period have led us into a novel exciting direction on the role and regulation of ceramidases in and their metabolic products in inflammation. Ceramidases breakdown ceramide to generate sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) which in turn mediates several biologic activities, including inflammatory responses. In this competing renewal we have compelling new data, whereby we have implicated this pathway as a key regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. In addition we find that at least one ceramidase is involved in the TNF inflammatory response. This proposal will therefore, test the hypothesis that ceramidases regulate cytokine-mediated chronic inflammation, and that inhibiting this ceramidase activity inhibits inflammatory responses. To test this hypothesis we propose the following aims: 1) Determine which ceramidases are regulated in inflammation and determine the mechanisms of this regulation. This will be done by determining which of the ceramidases (acid, neutral and alkaline) is/are upregulated in inflammation and studying the mechanisms of this regulation in cell models of inflammation, and by determining the expression and cell-type distribution of ceramidases in inflammatory tissues from humans and from animal models of inflammation. 2) Establish the function of ceramidases in regulation of inflammation and determine the mechanisms of action of their products. This will be done by demonstrating that ceramidases and their metabolic products have a significant role in regulating inflammation by evaluating the effect of over expression of ceramidases in cells and in vivo models of inflammation, and determining the mechanisms by which ceramidases regulate inflammatory pathways (S1P, NF-KB, ERKs, COX-2). 3) Determine the relative contribution of each of the ceramidases in inflammation and dissect the mechanisms involved. This will be done by blocking ceramidase activity in cells and in vivo using small interfering RNA to the different ceramidases. In addition we will test different compounds that we synthesized for their ability to inhibit ceramidases in cells and in vivo models of inflammation. We will also test if ceramidase K/O mice are protected from inflammation in a model of IBD colitis and TNF-induced arthritis. These studies will enable us to gain important insight into the role of the ceramidase pathway in inflammatory responses and may also provide novel therapeutic approaches to inflammation.

Public Health Relevance

NARRATIVE. Relevance to Veterans Health. The VA patient population has a high incidence of chronic inflammatory conditions, in particular, arthritis and colitis. These conditions are difficult to treat and generally are not sensitive to many available modalities of treatment. Moreover, chronic inflammatory conditions are increasingly thought to lead to cancer. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and COX-2 are implicated in most of these chronic inflammatory conditions and recent highly effective anti-inflammatory therapy is geared at blocking their action. However, these anti-inflammatory agents have proven to have cardiovascular and other side effects. Our preliminary studies demonstrate that sphingolipid molecules are intermediates in the action of TNF on COX-2. We will therefore utilize models of rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory colitis to study the sphingolipid regulating enzymes ceramidases in these models of inflammation and target these enzymes for novel therapies in the treatment of chronic inflammation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Veterans Affairs (VA)
Type
Non-HHS Research Projects (I01)
Project #
1I01BX000156-01A1
Application #
7787865
Study Section
Immunology A (IMMA)
Project Start
2009-10-01
Project End
2013-09-30
Budget Start
2009-10-01
Budget End
2010-09-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center
Department
Type
DUNS #
039807318
City
Charleston
State
SC
Country
United States
Zip Code
29401
Newcomb, Benjamin; Rhein, Cosima; Mileva, Izolda et al. (2018) Identification of an acid sphingomyelinase ceramide kinase pathway in the regulation of the chemokine CCL5. J Lipid Res 59:1219-1229
Espaillat, Mel Pilar; Snider, Ashley J; Qiu, Zhijuan et al. (2018) Loss of acid ceramidase in myeloid cells suppresses intestinal neutrophil recruitment. FASEB J 32:2339-2353
Schwartz, Nicholas U; Linzer, Ryan W; Truman, Jean-Philip et al. (2018) Decreased ceramide underlies mitochondrial dysfunction in Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2F. FASEB J 32:1716-1728
Coant, Nicolas; García-Barros, Mónica; Zhang, Qifeng et al. (2018) AKT as a key target for growth promoting functions of neutral ceramidase in colon cancer cells. Oncogene 37:3852-3863
Snider, Justin M; Snider, Ashley J; Obeid, Lina M et al. (2018) Probing de novo sphingolipid metabolism in mammalian cells utilizing mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 59:1046-1057
Dupre, Tess V; Doll, Mark A; Shah, Parag P et al. (2017) Inhibiting glucosylceramide synthase exacerbates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. J Lipid Res 58:1439-1452
Senkal, Can E; Salama, Mohamed F; Snider, Ashley J et al. (2017) Ceramide Is Metabolized to Acylceramide and Stored in Lipid Droplets. Cell Metab 25:686-697
Pulkoski-Gross, Michael J; Uys, Joachim D; Orr-Gandy, K Alexa et al. (2017) Novel sphingosine kinase-1 inhibitor, LCL351, reduces immune responses in murine DSS-induced colitis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 130:47-56
Espaillat, Mel Pilar; Kew, Richard R; Obeid, Lina M (2017) Sphingolipids in neutrophil function and inflammatory responses: Mechanisms and implications for intestinal immunity and inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Adv Biol Regul 63:140-155
Snider, Ashley J; Bialkowska, Agnieszka B; Ghaleb, Amr M et al. (2016) Murine Model for Colitis-Associated Cancer of the Colon. Methods Mol Biol 1438:245-54

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