Ukraine's HIV epidemic is the most severe in Europe, with 70% of cumulative HIV cases among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) with recent evidence suggesting transition to a generalized epidemic. Despite recommendations by international agencies (WHO, UNODC, UNAIDS), current HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Ukraine remain woefully inadequate. A new cost-effectiveness study that incorporates a combination of interventions, including newly emerging ones like pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among PWIDs is urgently needed to provide a better understanding of the scale-up of various interventions and help allocate scarce resources more effectively. In Ukraine and elsewhere, the cost effectiveness analyses (CEA) are further complicated by a lack of reliable data and measurement inconsistencies inherent when using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS), a sampling method widely used in Ukraine and globally to study PWID. To address these critical gaps, the mentored research projects will include two different modeling studies, which are connected through the emphasis on RDS and CEA. In the first study the goal will be to analyze the effect of non-response, selection bias, missing data and measurement error in RDS through a focus on networks analysis and recruitment, while the second project will explore the extent to which the bias in RDS data influences CEA of a combination of current and new treatment and prevention interventions. Findings from these projects will contribute to better understanding of and improvements in the performance of RDS allowing for less biased statistical inference, as well as more accurate secondary analysis including CEA in Ukraine and other countries. The candidate, Dr. Zelenev, is uniquely poised to perform this work because of his quantitative background in sociology and economics and his high productivity in public health research, exhibited over a two year post-doc at Yale. Over 5 years, he will achieve his career goals and professional objectives to: 1) gain experience in survey design, new modeling methods and network data analysis in order to evaluate recruitment and network biases, HIV transmission dynamics, and enrollment in treatment among PWID; 2) develop expertise in substance abuse, cost-effectiveness and evaluation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for HIV treatment and prevention; and 3) develop an independent career path in epidemiological and mathematical modeling research focusing on the interface between HIV, addiction, and implementation science. To achieve these goals, he has assembled a stellar interdisciplinary team of mentors with expertise in HIV, substance abuse, epidemiology, mathematical modeling, cost effectiveness and intervention analysis. Under their guidance, he will complete relevant didactic work and attend seminars and conduct research to apply the skills needed to become an independent researcher in HIV, substance abuse, mathematical modeling and epidemiology within the rich intellectual environment available at Yale University.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed research will focus on improvements in the RDS study design that will lead to 1) more generalizable inference on PWID transmission dynamics and risk behaviors in countries across the world 2) more informed behavioral data and surveillance for prevention and interventions; 3) new pathways to gathering network data for health research that would lead to a better understanding of how HIV spreads within a network. The proposed study will also perform a new cost effectiveness analysis on a combination of HIV inventions in Ukraine, guiding a more efficient allocation of scarce resource and improving health outcomes in a mixed epidemic setting.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Scientist Development Award - Research & Training (K01)
Project #
5K01DA037826-05
Application #
9476968
Study Section
AIDS Clinical Studies and Epidemiology Study Section (ACE)
Program Officer
Duffy, Sarah Q
Project Start
2014-06-15
Project End
2019-05-31
Budget Start
2018-06-01
Budget End
2019-05-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
Iakunchykova, Olena; Meteliuk, Anna; Zelenev, Alexei et al. (2018) Hepatitis C virus status awareness and test results confirmation among people who inject drugs in Ukraine. Int J Drug Policy 57:11-17
Zelenev, Alexei; Li, Jianghong; Mazhnaya, Alyona et al. (2018) Hepatitis C virus treatment as prevention in an extended network of people who inject drugs in the USA: a modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis 18:215-224
Li, Jianghong; Valente, Thomas W; Shin, Hee-Sung et al. (2018) Overlooked Threats to Respondent Driven Sampling Estimators: Peer Recruitment Reality, Degree Measures, and Random Selection Assumption. AIDS Behav 22:2340-2359
Zelenev, Alexei; Shea, Portia; Mazhnaya, Alyona et al. (2018) Assessment of barrier severity and willingness to enter opioid agonist treatment among people who inject drugs in Ukraine. Drug Alcohol Depend 190:82-88
Mazhnaya, Alyona; Meteliuk, Anna; Barnard, Tetiana et al. (2017) Implementing and scaling up HCV treatment services for people who inject drugs and other high risk groups in Ukraine: An evaluation of programmatic and treatment outcomes. Int J Drug Policy 47:187-195
Marcus, Ruthanne; Makarenko, Iuliia; Mazhnaya, Alyona et al. (2017) Patient preferences and extended-release naltrexone: A new opportunity to treat opioid use disorders in Ukraine. Drug Alcohol Depend 179:213-219
Kutsa, Oksana; Marcus, Ruthanne; Bojko, Martha J et al. (2016) Factors associated with physical and sexual violence by police among people who inject drugs in Ukraine: implications for retention on opioid agonist therapy. J Int AIDS Soc 19:20897
Zelenev, Alexei; Long, Elisa; Bazazi, Alexander R et al. (2016) The complex interplay of social networks, geography and HIV risk among Malaysian Drug Injectors: Results from respondent-driven sampling. Int J Drug Policy 37:98-106
Vagenas, Panagiotis; Zelenev, Alexei; Altice, Frederick L et al. (2016) HIV-infected men who have sex with men, before and after release from jail: the impact of age and race, results from a multi-site study. AIDS Care 28:22-31
Haddad, Marwan S; Zelenev, Alexei; Altice, Frederick L (2015) Buprenorphine maintenance treatment retention improves nationally recommended preventive primary care screenings when integrated into urban federally qualified health centers. J Urban Health 92:193-213

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