(provided by candidate): This proposal outlines a 5-year training program for the candidate to become an independent laboratory-based clinical investigator with research focus on intracellular metabolism of nucleoside analogs in relation to resistance and clinical toxicity. The candidate has completed residency training in Pediatrics and fellowship training in Infectious Diseases. The candidate's goal is to develop a command of virology and pharmacology by the integration of research studies on the cellular pharmacology of HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in relation to toxicity in different individuals with the aim of optimizing HIV therapeutic regimens both at the individual and population levels, and a structured curriculum to enhance scientific knowledge in these fields. Dr. Y.C Cheng a renowned cancer and viral pharmacologist will mentor the candidate's scientific development together with co-mentors and an advisory committee of accomplished clinical and scientific investigators with diverse and multidisciplinary backgrounds. The candidate's research objectives are to;i) determine host factors that affect the intracellular NRTI-triphosphate concentration, and ii) determine the contribution of the intracellular NRTI-triphosphate concentration to the development of observed clinical toxicities.
Specific aim 1 is to determine the effect of host factors on the metabolism of nucleoside analogs in human PBMCs.
In specific aim 2 the individual differences in phosphorylation of these nucleosides will be studied using state-of-the-art ELISA technique. The sensitivity of the ELISA will be assessed using HPLC as gold standard.
Specific aim 3 is to determine the association among intracellular triphosphate concentration, mitochondria! DNA concentration, and development of clinical or laboratory toxicity in HIV-infected individuals on NRTI-based regimens. The anticipated results from above studies will impact on optimization of HIV therapeutics and inform on the mechanisms of clinical toxicities associated with nucleoside analog usage. The novelty of the ELISA is to overcome, with respect to current HPLC methods, lack of sensitivity and the labor intensive nature. This will provide a quick and rapid technique for PK-PD studies to make it possible to screen large populations, and secondly, has a potential for therapeutic drug monitoring of HIV-1 patients and optimization of individual therapy especially in persons who are heavily treatment-experience with clinical toxicities.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
5K08AI074404-04
Application #
8055450
Study Section
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Review Committee (AIDS)
Program Officer
Zhang, Hao
Project Start
2008-05-15
Project End
2013-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$125,820
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
Li, Min; Sopeyin, Anuoluwapo; Paintsil, Elijah (2018) Combination of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine with Efavirenz Does Not Moderate Inhibitory Effect of Efavirenz on Mitochondrial Function and Cholesterol Biosynthesis in Human T Lymphoblastoid Cell Line. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 62:
Foli, Yram; Ghebremichael, Musie; Li, Min et al. (2017) Upregulation of Apoptosis Pathway Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of HIV-Infected Individuals with Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Mitochondrial Toxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 61:
Li, M; Foli, Y; Liu, Z et al. (2017) High frequency of mitochondrial DNA mutations in HIV-infected treatment-experienced individuals. HIV Med 18:45-55
Li, Min; Mislak, Andrea C; Foli, Yram et al. (2016) The DNA Polymerase Gamma R953C Mutant Is Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 60:5608-11
VanDeusen, Adam; Paintsil, Elijah; Agyarko-Poku, Thomas et al. (2015) Cost effectiveness of option B plus for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in resource-limited countries: evidence from Kumasi, Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 15:130
Li, Min; Foli, Yram; Amakye, Nana Y et al. (2015) Antiretroviral therapy-induced toxicity is associated with increased mRNA expression of telomerase. J Clin Pharmacol 55:1119-24
Langs-Barlow, Allison; Selvaraj, Shanmugapriya; Ogbuagu, Onyema et al. (2015) Association of circulating cytochrome c with clinical manifestations of antiretroviral-induced toxicity. Mitochondrion 20:71-4
Selvaraj, S; Ghebremichael, M; Li, M et al. (2014) Antiretroviral therapy-induced mitochondrial toxicity: potential mechanisms beyond polymerase-? inhibition. Clin Pharmacol Ther 96:110-20
Paintsil, Elijah (2013) Update on recent guidelines for the management of urinary tract infections in children: the shifting paradigm. Curr Opin Pediatr 25:88-94
Barry, Oliver; Powell, Jonathan; Renner, Lorna et al. (2013) Effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy and correlates of longitudinal changes in CD4 and viral load among HIV-infected children in Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 13:476

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