Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease and currently the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. KRAS is mutated in the majority of PDAC and is the major oncogenic driver of this disease. Unfortunately, attempts to develop drugs that target mutant RAS proteins have been unsuccessful, and single agent inhibition of effector pathways downstream of mutant KRAS, such as the RAF-MEK-ERK or PI3K pathways, has also proven ineffective to date. There is a critical unmet need for novel therapeutic strategies. The overarching goal of this proposal is to utilize functional genetic approaches to identify novel vulnerabilities and therapeutic strategies in KRAS-mutant PDAC. We have optimized CRISPR- Cas9 genome-scale negative-selection screening in human PDAC cell lines. Given that inhibition of the RAS- mitogen-activated-protein-kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade will be an important backbone for combination therapy approaches in PDAC, we have combined genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening with small molecule inhibition the MEK1/2 or ERK1/2 kinases to identify novel synthetic lethal targets that demonstrate greater dependency in the presence of MAPK inhibition. These targets include a many epigenetic regulators, such as members of the MEN1/MLL1 and PRC2 complexes, as well as numerous transcription factors. Additionally, our preliminary studies using integrative epigenetic and transcriptional profiling of PDAC cell lines upon disruption of KRAS signaling suggest that KRAS mediates epigenetic reprogramming that leads to a distinct cell state with potentially targetable vulnerabilities. This proposal builds on these preliminary data with a specific focus on: 1) genetic and pharmacologic validation of MEN1 and MLL1 as synthetic lethal targets in combination with MAPK-inhibition, 2) integrative analysis of epigenetic, transcriptional and functional genetic profiling to understand the key vulnerabilities unveiled in response to MAPK pathway inhibition in PDAC. Functional validation and mechanistic understanding of these targets may lead to novel combination therapy strategies in PDAC patients. Dr. Andrew Aguirre is mentored by Dr. William Hahn, a physician-scientist and expert in functional cancer genetics, and will also benefit from an advisory committee comprised of Dr. Matthew Meyerson, Dr. Ramesh Shivdasani and Dr. Brian Wolpin, who will collectively provide mentorship, collaboration and expertise in cancer biology, epigenetics and pancreatic cancer translational research. Dr. Aguirre has also formulated a 5-year training plan that will leverage the outstanding resources available at DFCI and Harvard Medical School, including didactic coursework, scientific meetings and professional development opportunities that will assist him in achieving his scientific and career goals of developing an independent pancreatic cancer research laboratory.

Public Health Relevance

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease with few available treatment options. This proposal utilizes an integrative functional genetics and epigenomics approach to identify and validate novel vulnerabilities in epigenetic regulators with the goal to develop combination therapy strategies in PDAC.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
5K08CA218420-03
Application #
9748464
Study Section
Subcommittee I - Transistion to Independence (NCI)
Program Officer
Ojeifo, John O
Project Start
2017-09-01
Project End
2022-08-31
Budget Start
2019-09-01
Budget End
2020-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
076580745
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02215
Qian, Zhi Rong; Rubinson, Douglas A; Nowak, Jonathan A et al. (2018) Association of Alterations in Main Driver Genes With Outcomes of Patients With Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. JAMA Oncol 4:e173420
Aguirre, Andrew J; Nowak, Jonathan A; Camarda, Nicholas D et al. (2018) Real-time Genomic Characterization of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer to Enable Precision Medicine. Cancer Discov 8:1096-1111
Aguirre, Andrew J (2018) Refining Classification of Pancreatic Cancer Subtypes to Improve Clinical Care. Gastroenterology 155:1689-1691
Viswanathan, Vasanthi S; Ryan, Matthew J; Dhruv, Harshil D et al. (2017) Dependency of a therapy-resistant state of cancer cells on a lipid peroxidase pathway. Nature 547:453-457
Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Electronic address: andrew_aguirre@dfci.harvard.edu; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network (2017) Integrated Genomic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell 32:185-203.e13
Wang, Belinda; Krall, Elsa Beyer; Aguirre, Andrew James et al. (2017) ATXN1L, CIC, and ETS Transcription Factors Modulate Sensitivity to MAPK Pathway Inhibition. Cell Rep 18:1543-1557
Krall, Elsa B; Wang, Belinda; Munoz, Diana M et al. (2017) KEAP1 loss modulates sensitivity to kinase targeted therapy in lung cancer. Elife 6: