Motor vehicle crashes continue to be the leading cause of mortality and acquired disability in children. Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries are typically considered the most disabling of these injuries. However, little is known about the specific patterns of injuries that lead to various degrees of functional disability in children and the biomechanical mechanisms for these crash-related disabling injuries. The broad long-term objective of this line of research is to advance the understanding of the nature and causes of functional disability after pediatric injury in sufficient detail to inorm secondary prevention (improved engineering and injury countermeasures) strategies as well as tertiary prevention (improved acute and rehabilitative care) strategies. As a first step in achieving this goal, the current proposal will focus on motor vehicle crashes as a prototypic mechanism of disabling injury in children.
The aims of the project are: 1) To identify the injuries for children 7-18 years old that are associated with moderate to severe functional disability upon discharge from rehabilitation centers, 2) To identify the crash characteristics, direction of impac, occupant contact points, and adequacy of restraint system performance that contribute to the moderately to severely disabling pattern of injuries, and to 3) To create a 3-dimensional dynamic computational model in order to quantify the crash biomechanics, simulate the occupant kinematics, and identify a countermeasure that could mitigate the biomechanical mechanism of injury.
Project Narrative Injuries from motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of disability in children, but the mechanisms of disabling injuries are poorly understood. By determining biomechanical mechanisms of disabling injuries in children, improved strategies for secondary prevention (improved engineering and injury countermeasures) and tertiary prevention (improved acute and rehabilitative care) of these injuries can be developed.
| Weaver, Ashley A; Schoell, Samantha L; Talton, Jennifer W et al. (2018) Functional outcomes of thoracic injuries in pediatric and adult occupants. Traffic Inj Prev 19:S195-S198 |
| Zonfrillo, Mark R; Spicer, Rebecca S; Lawrence, Bruce A et al. (2018) Incidence and costs of injuries to children and adults in the United States. Inj Epidemiol 5:37 |
| Henry, M Katherine; French, Benjamin; Feudtner, Chris et al. (2018) Cervical Spine Imaging and Injuries in Young Children With Non-Motor Vehicle Crash-Associated Traumatic Brain Injury. Pediatr Emerg Care : |
| Myers, Rachel K; Eagan-Brown, Brenda L; Conway, Alexandra T et al. (2018) Examining a Statewide Educational Consulting Program for Pediatric Brain Injury. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 57:645-655 |
| Schoell, Samantha L; Weaver, Ashley A; Talton, Jennifer W et al. (2018) Functional outcomes of motor vehicle crash thoracic injuries in pediatric and adult occupants. Traffic Inj Prev 19:280-286 |
| Zonfrillo, Mark R; Janigian, Nicholas G; Maron, Bradley A (2016) Death or Severe Injury at the Ball Game. Curr Sports Med Rep 15:132-3 |
| Zonfrillo, Mark R; Macy, Michelle L; Cook, Lawrence J et al. (2016) Anticipated resource utilization for injury versus non-injury pediatric visits to emergency departments. Inj Epidemiol 3:12 |
| Zonfrillo, Mark R; Zaniletti, Isabella; Hall, Matthew et al. (2016) Socioeconomic Status and Hospitalization Costs for Children with Brain and Spinal Cord Injury. J Pediatr 169:250-5 |
| Henry, M Katherine; Wood, Joanne N; Metzger, Kristina B et al. (2016) Relationship between Insurance Type and Discharge Disposition From the Emergency Department of Young Children Diagnosed with Physical Abuse. J Pediatr 177:302-307.e1 |
| Gaw, Christopher E; Zonfrillo, Mark R (2016) Emergency department visits for head trauma in the United States. BMC Emerg Med 16:5 |
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