This is a K08 initial application for Dr. James Flory, an endocrinologist and young investigator pursuing patient-oriented comparative effectiveness research on the care of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A K08 award will provide him with the means to acquire skills in three key career development areas: 1) clinical epidemiology, 2) qualitative research, and 3) clinical trial design. By acquiring these skills, Dr. Flory will fulfil his long-term career goal of becoming an independent clinical investigator. Dr. Flory has a primary mentor, Dr. Alvin Mushlin, who is a leading epidemiologist and internist with extensive experience mentoring K-grant awardees. He will also work with a co-mentor, Dr. Sean Hennessy, a leading pharmacoepidemiologist. In addition, Dr. Flory has two key collaborators: Dr. Joshua Richardson, an expert in the application of qualitative research to biomedical informatics, and Dr. David Brillon, an endocrinologist and clinical researcher specializing in diabetes. The motivating clinical problem for this proposal is the fact that although metformin is the first-line drug therapy for T2DM and confers unequalled long-term clinical benefits, it is under-utilized. In particular, 16% of patients discontinue metformin at 6 months and close to a third discontinue it at one year. Dr. Flory's central hypothesis is that much of this non-persistence (i.e., early discontinuation) is due to patient-centered factors specific to metformin and that better prescribing practices and prescriber-patient communication can enhance metformin persistence. To test this hypothesis and translate it into a pragmatic intervention, Dr. Flory proposes to collect epidemiologic and qualitative data on metformin non-persistence and then design and pilot an intervention in a small pragmatic clinical trial. These activities will la the groundwork for a large-scale pragmatic randomized trial to be proposed in an R01 application during the K08 award period.
Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that metformin non-persistence is common and leads to observably worse short-term clinical outcomes.
Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that non-persistent patients and their providers will offer potentially modifiable reasons for metformin non-persistence.
Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that a pragmatic clinical trial of a patient-centered intervention to reintroduce metformin to previously non-persistent patients is feasible and likely to result in increased appropriate use of metformin to treat T2DM. The proposed research is significant because positive results will lead to identification of an intervention to allow more patients to benefit from metformin. Negative results would provide information on the nature of metformin non-persistence and lay groundwork for alternative approaches to optimizing care of these patients.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed research is relevant to public health because metformin is the sole evidence-based oral therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus and confers tremendous clinical benefit to patients with long-term use, but is substantially underused despite its low cost. This underuse may in large part be driven by patient-centered factors that may be effectively addressed with better prescribing practices and prescriber-patient communication. Thus, the proposed research to develop such improved prescribing practices is relevant to the part of AHRQ's mission that pertains to promoting safer, higher quality, more accessible and affordable care. It is also relevant to the part of PCOR's mission pertaining to improving healthcare delivery and outcomes by producing and promoting high integrity, evidence-based information that comes from research guided by patients, caregivers and the broader healthcare community.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
Type
Clinical Investigator Award (CIA) (K08)
Project #
1K08HS023898-01
Application #
8869461
Study Section
HSR Health Care Research Training SS (HCRT)
Program Officer
Willis, Tamara
Project Start
2015-07-01
Project End
2020-06-30
Budget Start
2015-07-01
Budget End
2016-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
060217502
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10065
Kim, Scott Yh; Flory, James; Relton, Clare (2018) Rejoinder. Clin Trials 15:27-28
Kim, Scott Yh; Flory, James; Relton, Clare (2018) Ethics and practice of Trials within Cohorts: An emerging pragmatic trial design. Clin Trials 15:9-16
Leonard, Charles E; Brensinger, Colleen M; Aquilante, Christina L et al. (2018) Comparative Safety of Sulfonylureas and the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Ventricular Arrhythmia. Diabetes Care 41:713-722
Leonard, Charles E; Han, Xu; Brensinger, Colleen M et al. (2018) Comparative risk of serious hypoglycemia with oral antidiabetic monotherapy: A retrospective cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 27:9-18
Leonard, Charles E; Hennessy, Sean; Han, Xu et al. (2017) Pro- and Antiarrhythmic Actions of Sulfonylureas: Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence. Trends Endocrinol Metab 28:561-586
Flory, James (2017) Will Cardiovascular Outcomes Data on Newer Diabetes Drugs Bury the Older Agents? JAMA Intern Med 177:301-302
Flory, James; Gerhard, Tobias; Stempniewicz, Nikita et al. (2017) Comparative adherence to diabetes drugs: An analysis of electronic health records and claims data. Diabetes Obes Metab 19:1184-1187
Ertefaie, Ashkan; Small, Dylan S; Flory, James H et al. (2017) A tutorial on the use of instrumental variables in pharmacoepidemiology. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 26:357-367
Rowan, Christopher G; Flory, James; Gerhard, Tobias et al. (2017) Agreement and validity of electronic health record prescribing data relative to pharmacy claims data: A validation study from a US electronic health record database. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 26:963-972
Flory, James H; Roy, Jason; Gagne, Joshua J et al. (2017) Missing laboratory results data in electronic health databases: implications for monitoring diabetes risk. J Comp Eff Res 6:25-32

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