: Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is the period of high-level viremia associated with initial acquisition of HIV, which is followed by chronic HIV infection. Clinical studies exploring the optimal management of patients with both primary and chronic HIV infection generally report short-term surrogate markers such as CD4 cell count or HIV plasma RNA rather than clinical outcomes. Disease simulation models are particularly useful for incorporating clinical trial results to assist in making long-term management decisions. A major strength of decision modeling in HIV is the ability to include up-to-date data on treatment efficacy into models to estimate outcomes such as life expectancy, quality of life, and costs of care. Using a detailed simulation model of HIV infection, the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications (CEPAC) group has focused on late-stage HIV clinical management. Using the CEPAC model as the basis for this research, this proposal will accomplish four specific aims: 1) to incorporate data on primary HIV infection and viral replicative fitness into the CEPAC model. 2) To project the impact of early highly active antiretroviral therapy for primary HIV infection on life expectancy, quality of life and costs of care using both a pilot simulation model and the CEPAC model. 3) To estimate at what prevalence of primary HIV infection it would be beneficial to screen episodic-care patients, who present with a viral syndrome, for primary HIV infection using an HIV plasma RNA test. 4) To assess the impact of changes in antiretroviral-induced diminished HIV replicative capacity on optimal treatment strategies for chronic infection. This work will provide insight into the ideal antiretroviral management of both primary and chronic HIV infection, a major goal of the Office of AIDS Research. A diverse team of mentors with expertise in infectious disease, clinical epidemiology, and disease modeling will provide Dr. Rochelle Walensky with a firm basis for career development as an independent, patient-oriented clinical researcher at the interface of these critical areas.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23AI001794-04
Application #
6752374
Study Section
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Review Committee (AIDS)
Program Officer
Gezmu, Misrak
Project Start
2001-05-01
Project End
2006-04-30
Budget Start
2004-05-01
Budget End
2005-04-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$129,951
Indirect Cost
Name
Massachusetts General Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
073130411
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02199
Regan, Susan; Losina, Elena; Chetty, Senica et al. (2013) Factors associated with self-reported repeat HIV testing after a negative result in Durban, South Africa. PLoS One 8:e62362
Losina, Elena; Schackman, Bruce R; Sadownik, Sara N et al. (2009) Racial and sex disparities in life expectancy losses among HIV-infected persons in the united states: impact of risk behavior, late initiation, and early discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 49:1570-8
Ojikutu, Bisola O; Zheng, Hui; Walensky, Rochelle P et al. (2008) Predictors of mortality in patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Durban, South Africa. S Afr Med J 98:204-8
Jean-Jacques, M; Walensky, R P; Aaronson, W H et al. (2008) Late diagnosis of HIV infection at two academic medical centers: 1994-2004. AIDS Care 20:977-83
Yazdanpanah, Y; Vray, M; Meynard, J et al. (2007) The long-term benefits of genotypic resistance testing in patients with extensive prior antiretroviral therapy: a model-based approach. HIV Med 8:439-50
Deuffic-Burban, Sylvie; Losina, Elena; Wang, Bingxia et al. (2007) Estimates of opportunistic infection incidence or death within specific CD4 strata in HIV-infected patients in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: impact of alternative methods of CD4 count modelling. Eur J Epidemiol 22:737-44
Losina, Elena; Walensky, Rochelle P; Geller, Alan et al. (2007) Visual screening for malignant melanoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Arch Dermatol 143:21-8
Bassett, Ingrid V; Giddy, Janet; Nkera, Jacques et al. (2007) Routine voluntary HIV testing in Durban, South Africa: the experience from an outpatient department. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 46:181-6
McCormick, Alethea W; Walensky, Rochelle P; Lipsitch, Marc et al. (2007) The effect of antiretroviral therapy on secondary transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men. Clin Infect Dis 44:1115-22
Walensky, Rochelle P; Weinstein, Milton C; Yazdanpanah, Yazdan et al. (2007) HIV drug resistance surveillance for prioritizing treatment in resource-limited settings. AIDS 21:973-82

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