With the career goal of becoming an independent investigator, Dr. Aaron Fox describes a mentored research project and specific career development plan, which will prepare him to study interventions that improve treatment of opioid dependence post-incarceration. Following release from correctional facilities, opioid-dependent former inmates are at high risk of relapse to drug use, HIV-infection, and overdose-related death. Buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence is effective, but underutilized, which makes behavioral interventions that encourage treatment critical. This proposal aims to: 1) determine the barriers to and facilitators of initiating buprenorphine treatment post-incarceration for opioid-dependent former inmates, 2) to tailor an intervention, using peer mentorship, to provide BUPrenorphine Facilitated Access and Supportive Treatment (BUP-FAST) to former inmates, and 3) to pilot test the feasibility and effectiveness of BUP-FAST at increasing initiatio of buprenorphine treatment. With guidance from a multidisciplinary team of expert mentors, Dr. Fox will conduct semi-structured interviews with opioid-dependent former inmates using Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework to understand barriers to and facilitators of buprenorphine treatment. Based on these findings, he will tailor a previously developed intervention to encourage initiation of buprenorphine treatment by using peer mentors and targeting former inmates. The resulting intervention, BUP-FAST, will have specific components that are determined by applying Social Cognitive Theory to our findings, but we anticipate that peer mentors will provide: buprenorphine education, facilitated access to buprenorphine treatment, accompaniment to appointments, and supportive counseling. To pilot test BUP-FAST for feasibility and effectiveness, we will conduct a pilot randomized trial of BUP-FAST (vs. simple referral to buprenorphine treatment) collecting data on process measures to test feasibility and examining initiation of buprenorphine treatment to pilot test effectiveness. We hypothesize that compared to simple referral participants randomized to BUP-FAST will be more likely to initiate buprenorphine treatment. Subsequently, we will submit an R01 grant application to fully examine the effectiveness of BUP-FAST at improving buprenorphine treatment outcomes and reducing HIV-risk behaviors, opioid use, and re-incarceration in a multi-site randomized controlled trial. During the award period, Dr. Fox will pursue training in advanced qualitative methods, design of behavioral interventions, hierarchical modeling (for analysis of clustered data), and will gain experience in health care linkage following incarceration. With completion of these activities, along with intensive mentorship, Dr. Fox will be well prepared to fully test BUP-FAST and for his career goal of becoming an independent investigator.

Public Health Relevance

With the high rates of relapse to substance use upon release from correctional facilities, our project seeks to link opioid-addicted former inmates to buprenorphine treatment through peer mentorship. We will tailor a previously developed intervention to target former inmates and to use peer mentors. Ultimately, this intervention has the potential to increase initiation of buprenorphine treatment, an effective treatment for opioid addiction, and reduce HIV risk behaviors, overdose-related deaths, and re-incarceration. This study's findings will be used to guide a large-scale study of our intervention.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23)
Project #
5K23DA034541-06
Application #
9095289
Study Section
Training and Career Development Subcommittee (NIDA)
Program Officer
Wiley, Tisha R A
Project Start
2012-07-15
Project End
2017-06-30
Budget Start
2016-07-01
Budget End
2017-06-30
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Inc
Department
Type
DUNS #
079783367
City
Bronx
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10461
Hagan, Brian O; Wang, Emily A; Aminawung, Jenerius A et al. (2018) History of Solitary Confinement Is Associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms among Individuals Recently Released from Prison. J Urban Health 95:141-148
Fox, Aaron D; Sohler, Nancy L; Frost, Taeko et al. (2017) Development and evaluation of a community-based buprenorphine treatment intervention. Harm Reduct J 14:23
Berland, Noah; Fox, Aaron; Tofighi, Babak et al. (2017) Opioid overdose prevention training with naloxone, an adjunct to basic life support training for first-year medical students. Subst Abus 38:123-128
Riggins, Daniel P; Cunningham, Chinazo O; Ning, Yuming et al. (2017) Recent incarceration and buprenorphine maintenance treatment outcomes among human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. Subst Abus 38:297-302
Hawks, L; Norton, B L; Cunningham, C O et al. (2016) The Hepatitis C virus treatment cascade at an urban postincarceration transitions clinic. J Viral Hepat 23:473-8
Maradiaga, Jeronimo A; Nahvi, Shadi; Cunningham, Chinazo O et al. (2016) ""I Kicked the Hard Way. I Got Incarcerated."" Withdrawal from Methadone During Incarceration and Subsequent Aversion to Medication Assisted Treatments. J Subst Abuse Treat 62:49-54
Starrels, Joanna L; Peyser, Deena; Haughton, Lorlette et al. (2016) When human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment goals conflict with guideline-based opioid prescribing: A qualitative study of HIV treatment providers. Subst Abus 37:148-53
Fox, Aaron D; Masyukova, Mariya; Cunningham, Chinazo O (2016) Optimizing psychosocial support during office-based buprenorphine treatment in primary care: Patients' experiences and preferences. Subst Abus 37:70-5
Fox, Aaron D; Chamberlain, Adam; Frost, Taeko et al. (2015) Harm Reduction Agencies as a Potential Site for Buprenorphine Treatment. Subst Abus 36:155-60
Fox, Aaron D; Chamberlain, Adam; Sohler, Nancy L et al. (2015) Illicit buprenorphine use, interest in and access to buprenorphine treatment among syringe exchange participants. J Subst Abuse Treat 48:112-6

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