Abstract

The studies in this application are designed to better understand the regulation of body fat mass and the mechanisms determining body fat distribution in humans.
Three Specific Aims are proposed: 1. To determine whether experimentally-induced or spontaneous variations in plasma leptin levels predict subsequent changes in body composition. The protocols employed will also elucidate the mechanism by which high carbohydrate diets induce satiety and weight loss, and the mechanism of involuntary weight loss in the elderly. 2. To examine the relationships among central body fat redistribution, changes in adipogenic gene expression, and atherogenic changes in plasma lipids and insulin sensitivity. The model for this work will be the body fat redistribution that occurs in subjects receiving aggressive antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection. 3. To determine whether changes in uncoupling protein (UCP) gene expression act to attenuate diet-induced changes in body fat mass. This study will use the technology developed for Specific Aim 2 to ascertain whether muscle and fat UCP expression change in parallel with energy expenditure following experimental weight gain and weight loss in human subjects. The applicant has successfully trained several young physician investigators in patient-oriented and basic research, and a plan to continue doing so is presented.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
5K24DK002860-05
Application #
6833543
Study Section
Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases B Subcommittee (DDK)
Program Officer
Hyde, James F
Project Start
2001-03-01
Project End
2007-01-31
Budget Start
2005-02-01
Budget End
2007-01-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$101,335
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
University of Washington
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
605799469
City
Seattle
State
WA
Country
United States
Zip Code
98195

  Publications

Araneta, Maria Rosario G; Kanaya, Alka M; Hsu, William C et al. (2015) Optimum BMI cut points to screen asian americans for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 38:814-20
Kratz, Mario; Kuzma, Jessica N; Hagman, Derek K et al. (2013) n3 PUFAs do not affect adipose tissue inflammation in overweight to moderately obese men and women. J Nutr 143:1340-7
Williams, Lori; Ulrich, Cornelia M; Larson, Timothy et al. (2011) Fine particulate matter (PM?.?) air pollution and immune status among women in the Seattle area. Arch Environ Occup Health 66:155-65
Kratz, Mario; Weigle, David S; Breen, Patricia A et al. (2010) Exchanging carbohydrate or protein for fat improves lipid-related cardiovascular risk profile in overweight men and women when consumed ad libitum. J Investig Med 58:711-9
Hooper, Laura E; Foster-Schubert, Karen E; Weigle, David S et al. (2010) Frequent intentional weight loss is associated with higher ghrelin and lower glucose and androgen levels in postmenopausal women. Nutr Res 30:163-70
Lose, Gunnar; Sørensen, Helle Christina; Axelsen, Susanne M et al. (2010) An open multicenter study of polyacrylamide hydrogel (Bulkamid®) for female stress and mixed urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J 21:1471-7
Campbell, Peter T; Campbell, Kristin L; Wener, Mark H et al. (2009) A yearlong exercise intervention decreases CRP among obese postmenopausal women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 41:1533-9
Williams, Lori A; Ulrich, Cornelia M; Larson, Timothy et al. (2009) Proximity to traffic, inflammation, and immune function among women in the Seattle, Washington, area. Environ Health Perspect 117:373-8
Gerchman, Fernando; Tong, Jenny; Utzschneider, Kristina M et al. (2009) Body mass index is associated with increased creatinine clearance by a mechanism independent of body fat distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94:3781-8
Meyers, Julie A; Liu, Amy Y; McTiernan, Anne et al. (2008) Serum leptin concentrations and markers of immune function in overweight or obese postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol 199:51-60

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