The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family consists of critical cytokines that are implicated in controlling vascular survival and angiogenic sprouting. Recently VEGF inhibitors have been approved by the FDA to treat diseases of hypervascularization (cancer and macular degeneration), while increasing VEGF expression is a major research avenue for ischemic diseases such as peripheral artery disease and coronary artery disease, though clinical trials are as yet unsuccessful. VEGF is involved in at least 70 diseases as either cause or therapeutic target. Regulation of VEGF signaling is therefore of critical importance for many therapeutic strategies. Recent evidence suggests that more VEGF is bound to the extra cellular matrix in vivo than freely diffuses, and that these matrix-binding isoforms of VEGF control branching frequency and network density in vivo. The presentation of VEGF to the receptors by a matrix molecule may initiate a distinct signaling mode, but traditional in vitro cell culture models are unable to differentiate the soluble VEGF signal from the matrix-bound VEGF signal. In this proposal, we develop a combined experimental-computational approach to separate the soluble and matrix-bound VEGF signals. We will develop a novel fibronectin mutant that does not bind VEGF (Aim 1) and we will use state-of-the-art micro patterning techniques to plate endothelial cells on a substrate with gradients of VEGF binding ability (Aim 2). In vitro assays of proliferation, migration and survival will definitively show whether soluble VEGF or matrix-bound VEGF is the more potent stimulator of these critical endothelial cell decisions (Aim 2). We then propose to use in vivo transfection techniques to increase VEGF gradients and to block presentation of matrix-bound VEGF to receptor tyrosine kinases in vivo (Aim 3). This will test whether the in vitro endothelial cell culture is a good model of the decision-making of endothelial cells in vivo. ? ? Relevance to Public Health: Inhibition or up regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a therapeutic target in over 70 diseases as diverse as cancer, coronary artery disease and diabetic retinopathy. The proposed research uses a novel combined computational and experimental method to elicit how VEGF initiates its signals and, if successful, will better define how to target it therapeutically. ? ? ? ?
| Mac Gabhann, Feilim; Peirce, Shayn M (2010) Collateral capillary arterialization following arteriolar ligation in murine skeletal muscle. Microcirculation 17:333-47 |
