This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This study is no longer recruiting patients. (Clinical trial summary from the National Cancer Institute's PDQ database) Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. It is not yet known which chemotherapy regimen combined with radiation therapy and/or surgery is more effective in treating Ewing's sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor. This is a randomized Phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of different chemotherapy regimens combined with radiation therapy and/or surgery in treating patients who have Ewing's sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. Patients in Group 1 will receive infusions of combination chemotherapy on 2-5 days every 3 weeks for up to four courses. Patients in Group 2 will receive infusions of combination chemotherapy on 2-5 days every 2 weeks for up to six courses. Beginning in Week 13, some patients in both groups will undergo surgery to remove the tumor followed by chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Other patients will either undergo radiation therapy before surgery followed by additional radiation therapy plus chemotherapy or undergo radiation therapy alone plus chemotherapy. Patients will be evaluated every 3 months for 4 years and every 6 months for 1 year.
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