This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory infection in infants, and the respiratory condition leading to the most hospital admissions in young children and is arguably the most common serious illness of childhood lacking evidence-based treatment. As many as 90% of children will be infected with the respiratory syncytial virus, the most common cause of bronchiolitis, during their first two years of life. Although many can be treated as outpatients, bronchiolitis admissions are increasing. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of oral dexamethasone for acute moderate-to-severe outpatient bronchiolitis in a blinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Outcomes assessed will include the need for hospital admission (primary outcome) and severity measured by respiratory scores, and duration of symptoms (secondary outcomes).
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