The purpose of this contract proposal is to label monoclonal antibodies with astatine-211 for use in radioimmunotherapy. The goal of the proposed research is to develop a method to incorporate astatine into antibodies such that the astatine is not labile in vitro or in vivo. In the investigation, two different approaches to labeling will be compared. One approach will be direct labeling with astatine and the other approach will involve the use of astatinated small molecules. The later approach will include development of methods to attach the astatine to the small molecules such that the astatine is stably attached to them.