Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S.A., and stem cell therapy can improve the ejection fraction of damaged cardiac tissue by over 10%. Unfortunately, many stem cells days after implantation and those that do survive are often located in hypoxic or fibrotic tissue that are unreceptive to tissue regeneration-my near term goal is to improve the efficacy of cardiac stem cells therapy. Exciting preliminary data suggests that silica nanoparticles can be used to both study stem cells and ensure their survival after transplant. These nanoparticles have ultrasound contrast for image-guided delivery away from fibrosis as opposed to the existing paradigm of imaging only after injection. The multifunctional nanoparticle also has MRI contrast for high resolution follow-up. Finally, the same nanoparticle offers sustained release of growth factors to encourage cell proliferation. This nanoparticle is the ideal vehicle to facilitate my long-term objective of improving heart function with stem cell therapy, but this approach requires the additional refinement and validation proposed here. The workflow is divided into three main components to test my hypothesis that combining a sustained release delivery vehicle for prosurvival agents with a real time imaging agent can overcome challenges with both cell delivery and poor cell survival. 1) I will improve the biodegradation and porosity (for loading prosurvival agents) of the nanoparticle with materials chemistry. The nanoparticle will then be evaluated with cell and animal toxicity studies and refined if needed. 2) Prosurvival agents will be loaded into nanoparticles and used to treat stem cells under challenging growth conditions ex vivo. The agents will be iteratively optimized to improve therapy. 3) Finally, I will use animal models of ischemic disease and imaging to determine the efficacy of nanoparticle-enabled stem cell therapy. The innovation lies in real-time, quantitative imaging, which allows a transition to intra-cardiac injection rather tha intra-coronary delivery and thus implantation into the most receptive tissue in the heart. Sustained release of prosurvival agents from the sponge-like nanoparticle will combat the cell death that plagues this field. This proposal advances a fundamentally new tool and approach to stem cell therapy, which will have broad applications well beyond cardiovascular medicine. Finally, the research and professional training facilitated by this grant comprise an ideal stepping-stone to my career goal of an independent career with guidance and mentoring from Stanford Profs. Sanjiv Sam Gambhir and Joseph Wu-internationally renowned experts in cell imaging and cardiovascular research.

Public Health Relevance

Regenerative medicine has the potential to transform the treatment of heart disease by implanting potent replacement cardiac tissue derived from stem cells. Despite the tremendous promise of these approaches, many of these new cells die after they have been implanted into damaged areas. Innovative visualization tools and novel strategies for ensuring cell survival will be required to effectively understand and overcome this limitation. Here I propose to use a new material that can both image cells in real time via ultrasound and release a constant supply of growth factors to encourage cell growth ultimately leading to new functional tissue.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Transition Award (R00)
Project #
5R00HL117048-04
Application #
9094667
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Lundberg, Martha
Project Start
2015-07-01
Project End
2018-06-30
Budget Start
2016-07-01
Budget End
2017-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
804355790
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Chen, Fang; Hableel, Ghanim; Zhao, Eric Ruike et al. (2018) Multifunctional nanomedicine with silica: Role of silica in nanoparticles for theranostic, imaging, and drug monitoring. J Colloid Interface Sci 521:261-279
Kim, Taeho; Zhang, Qiangzhe; Li, Jin et al. (2018) A Gold/Silver Hybrid Nanoparticle for Treatment and Photoacoustic Imaging of Bacterial Infection. ACS Nano :
Kang, Jinyoung; Kim, Dokyoung; Wang, Junxin et al. (2018) Enhanced Performance of a Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging Agent by Encapsulation in Mesoporous Silicon Nanoparticles. Adv Mater 30:e1800512
Hariri, Ali; Wang, Junxin; Kim, Yeji et al. (2018) In vivo photoacoustic imaging of chorioretinal oxygen gradients. J Biomed Opt 23:1-8
Chen, Fang; Li, Gongyi; Zhao, Eric Ruike et al. (2018) Cellular toxicity of silicon carbide nanomaterials as a function of morphology. Biomaterials 179:60-70
Dhong, Charles; Edmunds, Samuel J; Ramírez, Julian et al. (2018) Optics-Free, Non-Contact Measurements of Fluids, Bubbles, and Particles in Microchannels Using Metallic Nano-Islands on Graphene. Nano Lett 18:5306-5311
Pohling, Christoph; Campbell, Jos L; Larson, Timothy A et al. (2018) Smart-Dust-Nanorice for Enhancement of Endogenous Raman Signal, Contrast in Photoacoustic Imaging, and T2-Shortening in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Small 14:e1703683
Lin, C Y; Chen, F; Hariri, A et al. (2018) Photoacoustic Imaging for Noninvasive Periodontal Probing Depth Measurements. J Dent Res 97:23-30
Wang, Junxin; Lin, Ching-Yu; Moore, Colman et al. (2018) Switchable Photoacoustic Intensity of Methylene Blue via Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micellization. Langmuir 34:359-365
Hariri, Ali; Lemaster, Jeanne; Wang, Junxin et al. (2018) The characterization of an economic and portable LED-based photoacoustic imaging system to facilitate molecular imaging. Photoacoustics 9:10-20

Showing the most recent 10 out of 26 publications