The long term objectives of this proposal are to elucidate the exact sequence of biochemical events that are involved in the priming and stimulation of superoxide (02-) production by neutrophils. Superoxide is a key component of the oxygen-dependent antimicrobial mechanisms of these cells which provide a major defense against infectious organisms. Certain cytokines prime neutrophils to release increased amounts of 02-. Therapeutic value of these factors is now being tested clinically in a variety of cancer and AIDS patients with promising results. Thus, experiments outlined herein are relevant to an understanding of host- defense mechanisms and immune deficiency diseases. Specifically, this project addresses two largely unknown areas. These are: (1) the mechanism(s) of action of the hydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) in modulating 02- production, and (2) the link between protein phosphorylation and 02- generation. Neutrophils produce 5- and 15-HETE under various circumstances. 5-HETE dramatically potentiates 02- release, whereas 15-HETE inhibits it. We propose that 5- HETE primes neutrophils by increasing the flux of Ca2+ across the plasmalemma, perhaps by opening a channel for this cation. This will be measuring the rates of 45Ca2+ uptake by these cells in the presence of different concentrations of 5-HETE. The effects of a variety of calcium channel antagonists on this process will be evaluated. The relationships between the rates of 45Ca2+ uptake and 02- generation will be defined, and possible antagonistic effects of 15-HETE will be sought. With regard to protein phosphorylation, we have observed that stimulation of 02- release by neutrophils is always accompanied by an intense phosphorylation of two proteins with molecular weights of ca. 47 and 49 kDa. Quantitatively, these are the two major proteins which are phosphorylated upon stimulation of these cells. While the 47 kDa protein has been extensively characterized, virtually nothing is known of the 49 kDa species. Experiments are detailed herein to identify, characterize and purify this protein. Techniques of biochemistry and cell biology will be employed. We will determine whether the 49 kDa protein is a component of the 02- generating system, or is involved in some other fashion in the mechanism of stimulation of these cells (e.g., phospholipose D). Changes in the activity of the 49 kDa protein after phosphorylation will be sought to forge a link between this modification reaction and cell stimulation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01AI028342-01A1
Application #
3142792
Study Section
Hematology Subcommittee 2 (HEM)
Project Start
1990-07-01
Project End
1995-03-31
Budget Start
1990-07-01
Budget End
1991-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Boston Biomedical Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
058893371
City
Watertown
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02472
Gilbert, B A; Lim, Y H; Ding, J et al. (1995) Farnesyl thiotriazole, a potent neutrophil agonist and structurally novel activator of protein kinase C. Biochemistry 34:3916-20
Robinson, J M; Badwey, J A (1994) Production of active oxygen species by phagocytic leukocytes. Immunol Ser 60:159-78
Ding, J; Lu, D J; Perez-Sala, D et al. (1994) Farnesyl-L-cysteine analogs can inhibit or initiate superoxide release by human neutrophils. J Biol Chem 269:16837-44
Curnutte, J T; Erickson, R W; Ding, J et al. (1994) Reciprocal interactions between protein kinase C and components of the NADPH oxidase complex may regulate superoxide production by neutrophils stimulated with a phorbol ester. J Biol Chem 269:10813-9
Ding, J; Badwey, J A (1994) Wortmannin and 1-butanol block activation of a novel family of protein kinases in neutrophils. FEBS Lett 348:149-52
Ding, J; Badwey, J A (1993) Neutrophils stimulated with a chemotactic peptide or a phorbol ester exhibit different alterations in the activities of a battery of protein kinases. J Biol Chem 268:5234-40
Ding, J; Badwey, J A; Erickson, R W et al. (1993) Protein kinases potentially capable of catalyzing the phosphorylation of p47-phox in normal neutrophils and neutrophils of patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Blood 82:940-7
Baggiolini, M; Boulay, F; Badwey, J A et al. (1993) Activation of neutrophil leukocytes: chemoattractant receptors and respiratory burst. FASEB J 7:1004-10
Ding, J; Badwey, J A (1993) Stimulation of neutrophils with a chemoattractant activates several novel protein kinases that can catalyze the phosphorylation of peptides derived from the 47-kDa protein component of the phagocyte oxidase and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrat J Biol Chem 268:17326-33
Ding, J; Badwey, J A (1992) Effects of antagonists of protein phosphatases on superoxide release by neutrophils. J Biol Chem 267:6442-8

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