: Gastrointestinal roundworm parasites infect approximately one billion people worldwide and are believed to cause approximately one million deaths annually. Protective immunity against these parasites is dependent upon the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, which both bind to receptors that contain the IL-4R alpha polypeptide. In mice, the expression of both IL-4R alpha and Stat6, a signaling molecule that is activated when IL-4 or IL-13 bind to IL-4R alpha, are essential for expulsion of gastrointestinal nematode parasites. Studies in mice infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Trichinella spiralis demonstrate that worm expulsion requires IL-4R alpha expression by non-bone marrow-derived cells. Both IL-4 and IL-13 affect non-bone marrow-derived cells, including intestinal epithelium, goblet cells, Paneth cells, smooth muscle, and vascular endothelium, in ways that might contribute to worm expulsion from the gut; however, there is no evidence that any of these effects or cell types is sufficient or essential for worm expulsion. This proposal will test the hypothesis that one or more or these effects is sufficient and/or essential for worm expulsion by producing transgenic mice that selectively express IL-4R alpha or Stat6 on one or more of these cell types, as well as transgenic mice that selectively fail to express IL-4R alpha on one or more of these cell types. The physiological responses of these mice to IL-4 and IL-13 and their abilities to expel N. brasiliensis and T. spiralis will be determined. Identifying the cell types that participate in worm expulsion should facilitate identification of the IL-4/IL-13/IL-4R alpha/Stat6-dependent mechanisms that protect vertebrate hosts by expelling gastrointestinal worms. This information should be useful for the rationale design of pharmaceuticals that prevent or treat gastrointestinal worm infections. It should also be useful for the intelligent prediction of risks associated with agents that inhibit allergic inflammation.
| Perkins, Charles; Yanase, Noriko; Smulian, George et al. (2011) Selective stimulation of IL-4 receptor on smooth muscle induces airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. J Exp Med 208:853-67 |
| Morales-Tirado, Vanessa; Sojka, Dorothy K; Katzman, Shoshana D et al. (2010) Critical requirement for the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein in Th2 effector function. Blood 115:3498-507 |
| Herbert, De'Broski R; Yang, Jun-Qi; Hogan, Simon P et al. (2009) Intestinal epithelial cell secretion of RELM-beta protects against gastrointestinal worm infection. J Exp Med 206:2947-57 |
| Khodoun, Marat; Strait, Richard; Orekov, Tatyana et al. (2009) Peanuts can contribute to anaphylactic shock by activating complement. J Allergy Clin Immunol 123:342-51 |
| Morris, Suzanne C; Heidorn, Stephanie M; Herbert, De'Broski R et al. (2009) Endogenously produced IL-4 nonredundantly stimulates CD8+ T cell proliferation. J Immunol 182:1429-38 |
| Lewis, Christina C; Aronow, Bruce; Hutton, John et al. (2009) Unique and overlapping gene expression patterns driven by IL-4 and IL-13 in the mouse lung. J Allergy Clin Immunol 123:795-804.e8 |
| Madan, Rajat; Demircik, Filiz; Surianarayanan, Sangeetha et al. (2009) Nonredundant roles for B cell-derived IL-10 in immune counter-regulation. J Immunol 183:2312-20 |
| Herbert, De'Broski R; Orekov, Tatyana; Perkins, Charles et al. (2008) IL-10 and TGF-beta redundantly protect against severe liver injury and mortality during acute schistosomiasis. J Immunol 181:7214-20 |
| Herbert, De'Broski R; Orekov, Tatyana; Perkins, Charles et al. (2008) IL-4R alpha expression by bone marrow-derived cells is necessary and sufficient for host protection against acute schistosomiasis. J Immunol 180:4948-55 |
| Finkelman, Fred D (2007) Anaphylaxis: lessons from mouse models. J Allergy Clin Immunol 120:506-15;quiz 516-7 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 13 publications
