Mycoplasmas are widely distributed in nature and commonly produce diseases of considerable economic impact, yet little information is available concerning mechanisms of pathogenesis and effective methods of control are unavailable. Mycoplasmal species have the smallest known bacterial genomes, and the availability of the genome sequence of at least 7 different species is being used as a measure for determining the minimal gene set for cellular life. But the mycoplasmas are dependent on the animal host to obtain many vital nutrients. The mycoplasmas not only have the tools to be self-replicating organisms, they also are fully equipped for survival in the animal and often cause chronic disease of the respiratory and genital tracts and joints. We propose to exploit mycoplasmas as minimalist systems for studying how pathogens acquire nutrients from their host and combat host defenses for long-term survival. We choose to use Mycoplasma pulmonis as a model organism because it is a natural pathogen of mice, causing murine respiratory mycoplasmosis. Thus, host-pathogen interactions can be explored using a minimalist pathogen and the power of mouse genetics. The expectation is that such studies will have broad impact for understanding host-dependent bacterial pathogens.
For Specific Aim 1, we propose to study carbohydrate transport and metabolism. Little is known about mycoplasmal metabolism and its regulation. We believe that the ability to acquire carbohydrates from the animal host is of central importance for in vivo survival of the mycoplasma. During the funding period of the current award, a transposon library of M. pulmonis has been characterized to reveal mutants in nearly 300 genes.
For Specific Aim 2, we propose to identify transposon mutants that fail to survive in the mouse lung. Mutants that do not survive will be characterized further to determine whether their defect is a failure to grow in vivo, to adhere to the epithelium, or to resist host defenses.
| Zhang, Jing; Song, Xiaohong; Ma, Marella J et al. (2017) Inter- and intra-strain variability of tandem repeats in Mycoplasma pneumoniae based on next-generation sequencing data. Future Microbiol 12:119-129 |
| Daubenspeck, James M; Liu, Runhua; Dybvig, Kevin (2016) Rhamnose Links Moonlighting Proteins to Membrane Phospholipid in Mycoplasmas. PLoS One 11:e0162505 |
| Xiao, Li; Ptacek, Travis; Osborne, John D et al. (2015) Comparative genome analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. BMC Genomics 16:610 |
| Simmons, Warren L; Dybvig, Kevin (2015) Catalase Enhances Growth and Biofilm Production of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Curr Microbiol 71:190-4 |
| Daubenspeck, James M; Jordan, David S; Simmons, Warren et al. (2015) General N-and O-Linked Glycosylation of Lipoproteins in Mycoplasmas and Role of Exogenous Oligosaccharide. PLoS One 10:e0143362 |
| Shaw, Brandon M; Daubenspeck, James M; Simmons, Warren L et al. (2013) EPS-I polysaccharide protects Mycoplasma pulmonis from phagocytosis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 338:155-60 |
| Jordan, David S; Daubenspeck, James M; Dybvig, Kevin (2013) Rhamnose biosynthesis in mycoplasmas requires precursor glycans larger than monosaccharide. Mol Microbiol 89:918-28 |
| Simmons, Warren L; Daubenspeck, James M; Osborne, John D et al. (2013) Type 1 and type 2 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae form different biofilms. Microbiology 159:737-47 |
| Jordan, David S; Daubenspeck, James M; Laube, Audra H et al. (2013) O-linked protein glycosylation in Mycoplasma. Mol Microbiol 90:1046-53 |
| Bolland, Jeffrey R; Simmons, Warren L; Daubenspeck, James M et al. (2012) Mycoplasma polysaccharide protects against complement. Microbiology 158:1867-73 |
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