This proposed project plans to produce, document and archive a data repository that combines final research data from 5 prospective viral-challenge studies (9 different viruses) focused on examining the roles of psychosocial factors in susceptibility to the common cold. In these unique studies, hypothesized predictor and mediating variables were assessed in healthy adults aged 18-55 years, who were then experimentally exposed to a virus that causes the common cold and monitored for development of infection and signs and symptoms of illness. Clinical illness (found in 40% of volunteers) was defined as both being infected and expressing signs and symptoms of disease. This design allowed the determination of whether variables of interest in a given study (e.g., stress, personality) predicted who developed a clinical cold following viral exposure. Merging the data from these 5 studies provides the opportunity to replicate analyses across two or more of the studies or combine data from any or all of the studies, allowing adequate power for detection of small effects and sophisticated tests of mediation and moderation.
The first aim of this proposal is to use the combined data to address important questions about the role of social relationships in health. Both the quantity and quality of social relationships were assessed at baseline using both questionnaires and daily interviews over 6-14 days. Analysis of the aggregated dataset will be conducted to help identify (1) the types of social ties that matter most for health; (2) the unique mechanisms linking different types of social ties to health; (3) components of social relationships likely to be conducive to intervention; and (4) characteristics of individuals that make them more or less responsive to the influences of social ties. Second, in addition to these research aims, a major thrust of this application is to disseminate the combined data from these 5 studies to the broader scientific community. Although each study was designed to address a specific set of hypotheses, many variables were collected across the multiple studies in up to 1,400 participants. These included: standard control variables/covariates (e.g., age, sex, race, body mass, season, and specific antibody titer to the challenge virus); predictor and mediator variables such as measures of social relationships, stress, personality, affect, socioeconomic status, health practices, local cytokine response, and endocrine levels; and assessment of illness (colds) including viral-related biology and symptom/sign outcomes. Other outcomes common across studies included basal blood pressure, heart rate, and pulmonary function. Individual studies also included markers of biological aging and assessments of acute stress response. These unique and valuable data could be used to address numerous questions beyond those included in our research aims. Creating a centralized and publicly available online data repository will have the immediate effect of maximizing their worth to the scientific community. In the long term, findings derived from these data may provide insight into possible alternative targets for intervention that typically are not addressed using conventional medical techniques.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed project plans to combine, analyze and make publicly available data from 5 viral-challenge studies focused on examining the roles of psychological and social factors in susceptibility to the common cold. Our specific interest is in the role of social relationships in the development of signs and symptoms of disease. Because all 5 studies collected data on multiple psychosocial, behavioral, and biological variables, the public availability of these findings will provide investigators from various disciplines with the opportunity to examine associations of other psychosocial and behavioral factors with multiple measures of disease and disease risk, thus providing insight into possible alternative targets for intervention that typically are not addressed using conventional medical techniques.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AT006694-05
Application #
8848764
Study Section
Biobehavioral Mechanisms of Emotion, Stress and Health Study Section (MESH)
Program Officer
Reider, Eve
Project Start
2011-08-01
Project End
2017-05-31
Budget Start
2015-06-01
Budget End
2017-05-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Carnegie-Mellon University
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
052184116
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Crittenden, Crista N; Murphy, Michael L M; Cohen, Sheldon (2018) Social integration and age-related decline in lung function. Health Psychol 37:472-480
Roos, Lydia G; Levens, Sara M; Bennett, Jeanette M (2018) Stressful life events, relationship stressors, and cortisol reactivity: The moderating role of suppression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 89:69-77
Chin, Brian; Murphy, Michael L M; Cohen, Sheldon (2018) Age moderates the association between social integration and diurnal cortisol measures. Psychoneuroendocrinology 90:102-109
Pulopulos, Matias M; Vanderhasselt, Marie-Anne; De Raedt, Rudi (2018) Association between changes in heart rate variability during the anticipation of a stressful situation and the stress-induced cortisol response. Psychoneuroendocrinology 94:63-71
Murdock, Kyle W; Seiler, Annina; Chirinos, Diana A et al. (2018) Low childhood subjective social status and telomere length in adulthood: The role of attachment orientations. Dev Psychobiol 60:340-346
LeRoy, Angie S; Murdock, Kyle W; Jaremka, Lisa M et al. (2017) Loneliness predicts self-reported cold symptoms after a viral challenge. Health Psychol 36:512-520
Murdock, Kyle W; LeRoy, Angie S; Fagundes, Christopher P (2017) Trait hostility and cortisol sensitivity following a stressor: The moderating role of stress-induced heart rate variability. Psychoneuroendocrinology 75:222-227
Janicki Deverts, Denise; Cohen, Sheldon; Doyle, William J (2017) Dispositional Affect Moderates the Stress-Buffering Effect of Social Support on Risk for Developing the Common Cold. J Pers 85:675-686
Murdock, Kyle W; LeRoy, Angie S; Fagundes, Christopher P (2017) Early-life Socio-economic Status and Adult Health: The Role of Positive Affect. Stress Health 33:190-198
Murdock, Kyle W; Fagundes, Christopher P (2017) Attachment Orientations, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, and Stress Are Important for Understanding the Link Between Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Adult Self-Reported Health. Ann Behav Med 51:189-198

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