The proposed project, Temporally-Oriented Subjective Well-being Across Transitions-Resources &Outcomes, is in response to RFA-AG-11-003: Subjective Well-being: Advances in Measurement and Application to Aging. As individuals age, they undergo transitions in many aspects of their lives. These transitions include social, economic and health transitions. People review their lives, and reflect on past choices. Future time is limited by the increasing proximity to end of life. This may lead to regrets and, in people with the ability to use compensatory mechanisms, a redoubling of efforts to achieve valued goals or a reprioritization of valued goals. In the context of aging, individuals'past, present, and future-oriented subjective well-being (SWB) may change. Existing SWB scales, however, combine past and present time perspectives;few include a future orientation. In addition, there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship of SWB, intra- and inter- personal resources, and outcomes, (particularly health and healthcare-cost outcomes). Finally, the complex relationship among experienced SWB, daily activities, intra- and inter-personal resources, and evaluative SWB is poorly understood. These issues have complicated the use of SWB measures and we are left with traditional metrics such as life expectancy, infant mortality, wealth, and poverty to assess healthy aging, resulting in an incomplete picture of healthy aging. The proposed project will develop and assess tools to better measure past, present, and future-oriented SWB and examine the relationships among SWB, intra- and inter-personal resources, and health and healthcare-cost outcomes. It will advance the understanding of SWB and its role in healthy aging in order to assist policy makers in valuing the potential benefits of improving SWB on health and healthcare costs. We will accomplish this through the following three specific aims:
Aim 1 : To provide assessment tools for measuring past, present, and future-oriented SWB;
Aim 2 : To determine how SWB (past, present, and future-oriented): (1) is affected by life transitions, and (2) affects outcomes after life transitions;
and Aim 3 : To examine the relationship between a person's experienced and evaluative SWB.
Traditional metrics such as life expectancy, infant mortality, wealth, and poverty do not present a complete picture of healthy aging. In particular, they do not capture SWB: the valuations individuals make regarding their lives, events happening to them, their bodies and minds, and the circumstances in which they live. The successful completion of this project will provide tools to measure past, present, and future oriented SWB and will advance understanding of SWB and its role in healthy aging. It will assist policy makers in valuing the potential benefits of improving SWB on health and healthcare costs.
| Smagula, Stephen F; Faulkner, Kimberly; Scheier, Michael F et al. (2016) Testing the Independence of Multiple Personality Factors in Relation to Health Among Community-Dwelling Older Men. J Aging Health 28:571-86 |
| Mens, Maria G; Scheier, Michael F (2016) The Benefits of Goal Adjustment Capacities for Well-Being Among Women With Breast Cancer: Potential Mechanisms of Action. J Pers 84:777-788 |
| Carver, Charles S; Scheier, Michael F (2014) Dispositional optimism. Trends Cogn Sci 18:293-9 |
| Jobin, Joelle; Wrosch, Carsten; Scheier, Michael F (2014) Associations between dispositional optimism and diurnal cortisol in a community sample: when stress is perceived as higher than normal. Health Psychol 33:382-91 |
| Wrosch, Carsten; Scheier, Michael F; Miller, Gregory E (2013) Goal Adjustment Capacities, Subjective Well-Being, and Physical Health. Soc Personal Psychol Compass 7:847-860 |
