Abstract

Cellular oncogenes have been identified in numerous transformed cells and tumors, and may be activated by environmental carcinogens. This proposal seeks to use a well defined chemical carcinogenesis model - induction of rat nasal carcinomas by inhalation of direct-acting carcinogens - to address the issue of oncogene activation and carcinogenic etiology. Four direct-acting alkylating agents, methylmethane sulfonate (MMS), beta-propiolactone (BPL), dimethylcarbamyl chloride (DMCC) and formaldehyde (HCHO), which have been shown to produce pathologically identical nasal carcinomas by inhalation, and to produce distinct, non-overlapping adducts with DNA, will be used. Transforming genes from tumors induced by these agents will be identified following transformation of NIH 3T3 cells by DNA mediated gene transfer using tumor DNA. Southern blot hybridization of DNA from transformed NIH 3T3 foci with specific oncogene probes will be used to specifically identify the transforming genes in each tumor. Transforming genes from different tumors will also be compared by restriction endonuclease mapping. Preliminary data has indicated that 5 out of 5 rat nasal tumors induced by inhalation of MMS were positive in the NIH 3T3 transfection focus assay. The question of oncogenes activation as a function of tumor progression will be examined in nasal epithelial cell lines established from nasal tissue cultured at various times after in vivo carcinogen exposure. The DNA from established monoclonal populations of preneoplastic cells will be used in transfection to determine the point during the year long latent period at which active oncocones may be identified.

  Funding Agency

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA036342-03
Application #
3173891
Study Section
Chemical Pathology Study Section (CPA)
Project Start
1984-08-01
Project End
1987-07-31
Budget Start
1986-08-01
Budget End
1987-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost

  Institution

Name
New York University
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004514360
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10012

  Publications

Randall, T D; Parkhouse, R M; Corley, R B (1992) J chain synthesis and secretion of hexameric IgM is differentially regulated by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin 5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:962-6
Cosma, G N; Wirgin, I I; Marchok, A C et al. (1990) Ha-ras oncogene mutations in cell lines derived from rat tracheal implants exposed in vivo to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Mol Carcinog 3:258-63
Garte, S J; Burns, F J; Ashkenazi-Kimmel, T et al. (1989) An experimental model for oncogene activation during tumor progression in vivo. Anticancer Res 9:1439-46
Garte, S J; Hochwalt, A E (1989) Oncogene activation in experimental carcinogenesis: the role of carcinogen and tissue specificity. Environ Health Perspect 81:29-31
Cosma, G N; Marchok, A C; Garte, S J (1989) Oncogene expression in cell lines derived from rat tracheal implants exposed in vivo to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Mol Carcinog 2:268-73
Hochwalt, A E; Wirgin, I; Felber, M et al. (1988) Detection of novel non-ras oncogenes in rat nasal squamous cell carcinomas. Mol Carcinog 1:4-6
Hochwalt, A E; Solomon, J J; Garte, S J (1988) Mechanism of H-ras oncogene activation in mouse squamous carcinoma induced by an alkylating agent. Cancer Res 48:556-8
Sawey, M J; Hood, A T; Burns, F J et al. (1987) Activation of c-myc and c-K-ras oncogenes in primary rat tumors induced by ionizing radiation. Mol Cell Biol 7:932-5
Garte, S J; Currie, D D; Troll, W (1987) Inhibition of H-ras oncogene transformation of NIH3T3 cells by protease inhibitors. Cancer Res 47:3159-62
Hood, A T; Currie, D; Garte, S J (1987) Establishment of a rat nasal epithelial tumor cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 23:274-8

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