A complex quality control system (Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Associated Degradation;ERAD) degrades misfolded proteins as an integral part of the ER stress response and is central to a cell's ability to cope with stress. Growing evidence points to the importance of ER stress in tumor development and progression;yet, mechanisms underlying control of ER stress in normal and tumor cells are poorly understood. This application proposes to define a novel regulatory axis potentially controlling ER stress. In the current funded period we characterized the RING finger E3 ligase RNF5 and demonstrated that RNF5 is over-expressed in human cancer, specifically in breast cancer and melanoma. Inhibition of RNF5 in breast cancer cells reorganizes the cytoskeleton and sensitizes tumor cells to apoptosis following treatment with chemotherapeutic drugs, in a p53-dependent manner. Interestingly, RNF5 mediates both ubiquitination-mediated degradation and altered localization of substrates, including misfolded proteins. RNF5 is anchored via its C-terminal tail to the ER membrane where it interacts with a newly identified 7-transmembrane protein, JAMP. JAMP serves as a receptor for proteasome recruitment to the ER and is regulated by RNF5, indicating a novel regulatory axis in the ER stress response. While RNF5 limits JAMP activity, it promotes the degradation of misfolded proteins, by cooperating with Cl-HP or gp78, ubiquitin ligases implicated in ERAD. These findings position RNF5 as an important regulator of ERAD. Based on our preliminary results that (i) RNF5 is overexpressed in breast cancer and melanoma, (ii) RNF5 is required for breast cancer proliferation and cytoskeletal organization in a p53-dependent manner, and (iii) RNF5 limits JAMP activity and regulates the ER stress response, we have formulated the hypothesis that RNF5-JAMP regulation of ER stress contributes to breast cancer and melanoma proliferation and cytoskeletal organization which are required for their development. Our proposed studies will provide a mechanistic insight into the regulation of ER stress by the RNF5-JAMP module and its implications on breast cancer and melanoma development. To test our hypothesis, we will: (1) Determine the mechanism underlying upregulated RNF5 expression seen in breast cancer and melanoma. (2) Identify mechanism(s) underlying distinct RNF5 functions in ERAD (i) by cooperation with ER-associated ubiquitin ligases to ubiquitinate and degrade misfolded proteins and (ii) by control of JAMP recruitment of proteasomes to ER. (3) Assess the role of RNF5 in mammary tumor development using RNF5 knockout (KO) and inducible transgenic mice that we have generated and which will be crossed with mammary tumor model mice. Understanding RNF5-dependent regulation of ER stress via JAMP and its relationship to p53-dependent changes in breast cancer and melanoma should provide novel and important insight into mechanisms underlying control of ER stress in normal cells and in tumors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01CA097105-06A2
Application #
7582260
Study Section
Cancer Etiology Study Section (CE)
Program Officer
Spalholz, Barbara A
Project Start
2002-07-01
Project End
2011-06-30
Budget Start
2009-07-17
Budget End
2010-06-30
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$384,693
Indirect Cost
Name
Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
020520466
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92037
Jeon, Young Joo; Khelifa, Sihem; Ratnikov, Boris et al. (2015) Regulation of glutamine carrier proteins by RNF5 determines breast cancer response to ER stress-inducing chemotherapies. Cancer Cell 27:354-69
Kuang, Ersheng; Qi, Jianfei; Ronai, Ze'ev (2013) Emerging roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in autophagy. Trends Biochem Sci 38:453-60
Kuang, Ersheng; Okumura, Cheryl Y M; Sheffy-Levin, Sharon et al. (2012) Regulation of ATG4B stability by RNF5 limits basal levels of autophagy and influences susceptibility to bacterial infection. PLoS Genet 8:e1003007
Chen, Meifan; Gutierrez, Gustavo J; Ronai, Ze'ev A (2011) Ubiquitin-recognition protein Ufd1 couples the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response to cell cycle control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:9119-24
Tcherpakov, Marianna; Delaunay, Agnes; Toth, Julia et al. (2009) Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation by RNF5-dependent ubiquitination of JNK-associated membrane protein (JAMP). J Biol Chem 284:12099-109
Tcherpakov, Marianna; Broday, Limor; Delaunay, Agnes et al. (2008) JAMP optimizes ERAD to protect cells from unfolded proteins. Mol Biol Cell 19:5019-28
Delaunay, Agnes; Bromberg, Kenneth D; Hayashi, Yukiko et al. (2008) The ER-bound RING finger protein 5 (RNF5/RMA1) causes degenerative myopathy in transgenic mice and is deregulated in inclusion body myositis. PLoS One 3:e1609
Broday, Limor; Hauser, Craig A; Kolotuev, Irina et al. (2007) Muscle-epidermis interactions affect exoskeleton patterning in Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev Dyn 236:3129-36
Bromberg, Kenneth D; Kluger, Harriet M; Delaunay, Agnes et al. (2007) Increased expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF5 is associated with decreased survival in breast cancer. Cancer Res 67:8172-9
Kadoya, Takayuki; Khurana, Ashwani; Tcherpakov, Marianna et al. (2005) JAMP, a Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1)-associated membrane protein, regulates duration of JNK activity. Mol Cell Biol 25:8619-30

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