In 2004, about 1,368,060 Americans were expected to develop cancer and 563,700 were expected to die, more than 1,500 people a day. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the US, exceeded only by heart disease. In the US, 1 of every 4 deaths is from cancer. The National Institutes of Health estimate overall costs for cancer in the year 2003 at $189.5 billion. [1] Many cancers such as those originating in the digestive system have a very high propensity to develop hepatic metastases and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in many cases is from the liver metastases. Digestive system cancer deaths are expected to account for 134,840 deaths in the US in 2004. Additionally, other cancer types such as respiratory system, breast, and skin cancers also develop hepatic metastases. Despite aggressive treatments with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, 41% of patients diagnosed with cancer will succumb to their disease. Immunotherapy has the potential to provide an alternative systemic treatment for many cancers.
The specific aims of this research proposal are:
Specific Aim 1 : Define the mechanisms by which GM-CSF secreting tumor vaccines and infection with attenuated Listeria strains eliminate metastatic disease from the liver.
Specific Aim 2 : Identify an optimally attenuated strain of Listeria that has strong efficacy at targeting an immune response to the liver and that has low toxicity.
Specific Aim 3 : Use attenuated Listeria strains that have been genetically engineered to express relevant tumor antigens to further enhance the targeted immune response.
Specific Aim 4 : Define the role of dendritic cells in the priming and targeting of the immune response.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01CA112160-01A1
Application #
6988218
Study Section
Cancer Immunopathology and Immunotherapy Study Section (CII)
Program Officer
Muszynski, Karen
Project Start
2005-07-01
Project End
2010-04-30
Budget Start
2005-07-01
Budget End
2006-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$321,925
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Surgery
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001910777
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218