The rate of adherence to regular colonoscopy screening among members of families at increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) is far below recommended levels. Persons who live in rural areas of the United States exhibit lower colorectal screening rates than their urban counterparts. Although the detection of familial predisposition to cancer begins with an accurate family medical history, data indicate that many patients do not receive adequate familial cancer risk assessment from their primary care providers. This suggests that familial risk is largely unrecognized which may lead to inadequate risk stratification, lack of risk notification, appropriate risk counseling, suboptimal cancer screening and preventable deaths. Because of geographic and system-level barriers, special efforts are needed to improve access to personalized risk communication and adherence to CRC screening in rural dwellers at increased risk for CRC. In the proposed study, we will evaluate a novel telephone-based, theory-guided personalized risk communication intervention that combines a familial CRC risk assessment and behavioral counseling with tailored messages. The key hypothesis guiding this study is that a more intensive personalized risk communication intervention will improve CS at a significantly higher rate than a low-intensity targeted print intervention. Our integrative study model specifies important theoretical mechanisms that can contribute to increased use of CS among persons at increased risk. We will enroll 712 rural adult men and women age 40 years and older who are considered at increased risk of familial CRC into this 2-group randomized trial. The primary aim of this study is to compare colonoscopy use among participants in the two groups. Secondary aims are to compare the two groups with regard to cognitive and emotional outcomes and explore the underlying mechanisms through which the interventions have an impact on colonoscopy behavior. Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and psychosocial measures will be collected from participants at baseline, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year. The study's findings will have both theoretical, as well as practical, significance. Our findings will help to influence the selection and dissemination of effective outreach approaches to improve CRC screening in populations at increased risk for the disease. These results have broad applicability to understanding responses to personalized risk communication interventions for other diseases as well. Findings will also broaden our understanding of the underlying theoretical mechanisms of how remote cancer risk communications lead to improvements in cancer screening among geographically underserved populations if such intervention effects are observed.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA125194-05
Application #
8220880
Study Section
Community-Level Health Promotion Study Section (CLHP)
Program Officer
Blake, Kelly D
Project Start
2008-05-13
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2012-03-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$464,057
Indirect Cost
$146,673
Name
University of Utah
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
009095365
City
Salt Lake City
State
UT
Country
United States
Zip Code
84112
Birmingham, Wendy C; Hung, Man; Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn et al. (2015) Effectiveness of the extended parallel process model in promoting colorectal cancer screening. Psychooncology 24:1265-1278
Canary, Heather; Bullis, Connie; Cummings, Jennifer et al. (2015) Structuring Health in Colorectal Cancer Screening Conversations: An Analysis of Intersecting Activity Systems. South Commun J 80:416-432
Steffen, Laurie E; Boucher, Kenneth M; Damron, Barbara H et al. (2015) Efficacy of a Telehealth Intervention on Colonoscopy Uptake When Cost Is a Barrier: The Family CARE Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 24:1311-8
Anderson, A E; Flores, K G; Boonyasiriwat, W et al. (2014) Interest and informational preferences regarding genomic testing for modest increases in colorectal cancer risk. Public Health Genomics 17:48-60
Kinney, Anita Y; Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn; Walters, Scott T et al. (2014) Telehealth personalized cancer risk communication to motivate colonoscopy in relatives of patients with colorectal cancer: the family CARE Randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 32:654-62
Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn; Hung, Man; Hon, Shirley D et al. (2014) Intention to undergo colonoscopy screening among relatives of colorectal cancer cases: a theory-based model. Ann Behav Med 47:280-91
Simmons, Rebecca G; Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy; Stroup, Antoinette M et al. (2013) Examining the challenges of family recruitment to behavioral intervention trials: factors associated with participation and enrollment in a multi-state colonoscopy intervention trial. Trials 14:116
Pengchit, Watcharaporn; Walters, Scott T; Simmons, Rebecca G et al. (2011) Motivation-based intervention to promote colonoscopy screening: an integration of a fear management model and motivational interviewing. J Health Psychol 16:1187-97