Both in individuals living with cancer and in the general population, the experience of clinical depression exacts a profound psychological, physical, and economic toll. Little research has examined the unfolding risk for depressive symptoms and episodes after a breast cancer diagnosis with careful assessments repeated over time. Moreover, theory and research in depression and in emotion science have not been integrated and tested in sophisticated biopsychosocial models to advance understanding of risk and protective factors/processes for depression in cancer patients. Accordingly, this study has three specific aims.
Aim 1 is to investigate how personal vulnerabilities, cancer-related (e.g., treatments/side effects) and noncancer-related stressors, and emotion regulation processes shape trajectories of depression in women following diagnosis of breast cancer. Personal vulnerabilities include general depressive diatheses (history of depression, neuroticism, harsh early environment) and emotion dysregulation diatheses (low emotional awareness and acceptance, high emotional suppression, no intimate confiding relationship).
Aim 2 is to examine a diathesis- stress model, in which interactions of personal vulnerabilities, genetic factors (a functional polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene), and stressors shape depressive response.
Aim 3 is to examine a proximal model of how emotion regulation processes (approach and avoidance) mediate the effects of personal vulnerabilities on depressive symptoms and episodes. We will accomplish these aims in longitudinal research beginning within three months of diagnosis (Time 1) of 450 women (study completers) with new diagnoses of initial or recurrent invasive breast cancer and subsequent assessments every six weeks through six months (Time 2-5) and at 9 months (Time 6) and 12 months (Time 7). DNA extraction, validated questionnaires and interviews, and measures of expressive behavior will be administered. Primary dependent variables are depressive symptoms and depressive disorder. Effects of age, ethnicity, and mental health treatment receipt will be explored. Findings will influence public health by informing the next generation of targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression in cancer patients, thereby reducing the disorder's health and economic burden.

Public Health Relevance

Cancer patients are more likely than the general population to evidence depressive symptoms and clinical depression, but little is known about the factors that put individuals at risk for clinical depression when they have cancer. This project will provide information about who is at risk and factors contributing to high risk for depression, when they can be identified, and ingredients of interventions that are likely to be effective in reducing depression in women diagnosed with breast cancer. This research will help to target limited mental health resources to make the largest impact in preventing and treating depression in the face of cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA133081-02
Application #
7926904
Study Section
Behavioral Medicine, Interventions and Outcomes Study Section (BMIO)
Program Officer
Mc Donald, Paige A
Project Start
2009-09-04
Project End
2011-11-30
Budget Start
2010-09-01
Budget End
2011-11-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$589,887
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Los Angeles
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
092530369
City
Los Angeles
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
90095
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