The recent success of imatinib for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia has made tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases major targets for cancer therapy. As only a small fraction of the human kinome can currently be targeted by a reasonably selective and potent inhibitor, there is an urgent need to develop strategies for efficient discovery and optimization of new inhibitors. Towards this goal, we have recently developed a compound library of ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors. Using our collection of novel compounds (approximately 2,000), we tested a panel of 16 cultured tumor cell lines for the ability of these compounds to induce apoptotic death. This search revealed a compound, ON1231320, that had remarkable cytotoxicity against the entire panel of 16 tumor cell lines, with little or no cytotoxicity towards normal cells. Kinase inhibition assays against a panel of 285 kinases revealed that this compound had a remarkable specificity towards Plk2/Snk, a kinase involved in centrosome duplication and mitotic progression. Most importantly, Plk2 has recently been implicated as one of the kinases that links cellular metabolism to cell cycle. Mitochondrial dysfunction with increased dependence on glycolysis is frequently observed in cancer cells (known as the Warburg effect) and identification of pathways that promote cell survival under conditions of mitochondrial dysfunction have therapeutic implications. In a recent study, it has been shown that targeted ablation of SCO2 gene in HCT116 human colon cancer cell line results in the ablation of mitochondrial respiration and that PLK2 is the most highly expressed gene in SCO2-/-cells. Even a modest reduction in PLK2 levels in human cancer cells with defects in mitochondrial respiration results in the elimination of their ability to form xenografts in mice. Our results show that ON1231320 is a potent inducer of tumor cell death and has an excellent safety profile in vivo. We propose to study the effects of this compound on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo to determine how ON1231320 will serve as a novel cancer chemotherapeutic.
The aims of the proposal are: 1. To determine the kinetics of inhibition of Plk2 by ON01231320;2. To determine the effects of ON1231320 on downstream signaling events mediated by Plk2 and evaluate its effect on tumor cell growth under hypoxic, genotoxic and defective respiratory contexts;3. Characterize the PK properties of ON1231320 in xenograft models to determine the degree of inhibition of Plk2 that is required for inhibition of tumor growth and assess how ON1231320 concentrations are related to antitumor activity of the compound and to evaluate the validity of using PBMN as surrogates;and 4. To further explore the effects of combination therapy using ON1231320 and cytotoxic anti-cancer agents such as oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, paclitaxel and doxorubicin to induce apoptosis and tumor regression in breast and colorectal cancer model systems.

Public Health Relevance

This application describes the discovery of a novel cancer therapeutic agent, ON1231320, which could find a wide application in the treatment of some of the most difficult-to-treat cancers that are traditionally resistant to chemotherapy. In this application, we propose to develop preclinical pharmacology, and efficacy profiles for the ON1231320 in preparation to a Phase 1 study in cancer patients. Because this compound is highly effective in various combinations with conventional chemotherapy, the lack of bone marrow toxicity may be beneficial for testing novel combinations for advanced cancers, including tumors resistant to conventional chemotherapy.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA158209-02
Application #
8435360
Study Section
Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology Study Section (DMP)
Program Officer
Arya, Suresh
Project Start
2012-02-29
Project End
2016-12-31
Budget Start
2013-01-01
Budget End
2013-12-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$330,610
Indirect Cost
$135,560
Name
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
078861598
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10029
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Dhanasekaran, Danny N; Reddy, E Premkumar (2017) JNK-signaling: A multiplexing hub in programmed cell death. Genes Cancer 8:682-694
Reddy, M V Ramana; Akula, Balireddy; Jatiani, Shashidhar et al. (2016) Discovery of 2-(1H-indol-5-ylamino)-6-(2,4-difluorophenylsulfonyl)-8-methylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (7ao) as a potent selective inhibitor of Polo like kinase 2 (PLK2). Bioorg Med Chem 24:521-44
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Athuluri-Divakar, Sai Krishna; Vasquez-Del Carpio, Rodrigo; Dutta, Kaushik et al. (2016) A Small Molecule RAS-Mimetic Disrupts RAS Association with Effector Proteins to Block Signaling. Cell 165:643-55
Perumal, Deepak; Kuo, Pei-Yu; Leshchenko, Violetta V et al. (2016) Dual Targeting of CDK4 and ARK5 Using a Novel Kinase Inhibitor ON123300 Exerts Potent Anticancer Activity against Multiple Myeloma. Cancer Res 76:1225-36
Ramkumar, Poornima; Lee, Clement M; Moradian, Annie et al. (2015) JNK-associated Leucine Zipper Protein Functions as a Docking Platform for Polo-like Kinase 1 and Regulation of the Associating Transcription Factor Forkhead Box Protein K1. J Biol Chem 290:29617-28
Eachkoti, Rafiqa; Reddy, M V Ramana; Lieu, Yen K et al. (2014) Identification and characterisation of a novel heat shock protein 90 inhibitor ONO4140. Eur J Cancer 50:1982-92
Cho, Sool Yeon; Cosenza, Stephen C; Pallela, Venkat et al. (2013) Determination of the glucuronide metabolite of ON 013100, a benzylstyrylsulfone antineoplastic drug, in colon cancer cells using LC/MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 75:138-44
Pallela, Venkat R; Mallireddigari, Muralidhar R; Cosenza, Stephen C et al. (2013) Hydrothiolation of benzyl mercaptan to arylacetylene: application to the synthesis of (E) and (Z)-isomers of ON 01910·Na (Rigosertib®), a phase III clinical stage anti-cancer agent. Org Biomol Chem 11:1964-77

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