The objective of this research is to gain an understanding of relapse to tobacco dependence, and to develop treatments based on this understanding. In the current funding period, we completed a placebo controlled, double blind study of active vs. placebo nicotine gum crossed with two levels of behavioral treatment, intensive vs. low contact. We report excellent preliminary abstinence rates in the nicotine gum low contact condition (56% at 6 months, 46% at one year). These rates are especially impressive since the treatment is inexpensive to administer and could be adapted to many health settings. The results replicate and improve upon those we obtained in earlier studies. In a series of studies, possible determinants of weight gain after quitting smoking were investigated. Preliminary conclusions are that high pretreatment cigarette intake, a past history of weight problems, and a tendency towards periodic loss of control over eating predispose subjects to weight gain after quitting. This gain may be caused by increased caloric intake, especially of sweets and foods high in carbohydrates. These findings may link the problem of weight gain after quitting smoking to the more general problem of weight regulation. In the current funding period, the focus of the research is shifted from the general smoking treatment population to two special subgroups: smokers at risk for post-quitting weight gain, and chronic smoking treatment failures. Two experiments are proposed, both of which draw from work during the current funding period. In Experiment 1, smokers at high risk for weight gain following quitting smoking are randomly assigned to an innovative weight management program, a nonspecific treatment control, or to no weight treatment control. Measures are taken at baseline, and at weeks 4, 8, 26, and 52. They include self-report of smoking, confirmatory biochemical measures, and reports of significant others. Weight gain, skinfold thickness, dietary intake, and activity levels are also assessed. In Experiment 2, chronic smoking treatment failures are assigned to brief cognitive behavioral psychotherapy plus 2 or 4 mg. nicotine gum or to 2 or 4 mg. nicotine gum in a low contact group treatment. Assessments are held at weeks 6, 12, 26, and 52. Treatment outcome measures parallel those for Experiment 1. Self-report of smoking, biochemical measures, significant other verification, and measures of thinking and mood are collected.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DA002538-07
Application #
3207395
Study Section
Drug Abuse Clinical and Behavioral Research Review Committee (DACB)
Project Start
1980-04-01
Project End
1990-06-30
Budget Start
1986-07-01
Budget End
1987-06-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
1986
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Francisco
Department
Type
Hospitals
DUNS #
073133571
City
San Francisco
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94143
Leyro, Teresa M; Crew, Erin E; Bryson, Susan W et al. (2016) Retrospective analysis of changing characteristics of treatment-seeking smokers: implications for further reducing smoking prevalence. BMJ Open 6:e010960
Farabee, David; Hawken, Angela; Calhoun, Stacy et al. (2016) Tracking and Locating Itinerant Subjects With a Rechargeable Incentive Card: Results of a Randomized Trial. Subst Use Misuse 51:658-63
Hall, Sharon M; Shi, Yanling; Humfleet, Gary L et al. (2015) Smoking cessation abstinence goal in treatment-seeking smokers. Addict Behav 42:148-53
Leyro, Teresa M; Hendricks, Peter S; Hall, Sharon M (2015) If at first you don't succeed: characterization of smokers with late smoking abstinence onset. Addict Behav 45:34-8
Grady, Eric S; Humfleet, Gary L; Delucchi, Kevin L et al. (2014) Smoking cessation outcomes among sexual and gender minority and nonminority smokers in extended smoking treatments. Nicotine Tob Res 16:1207-15
Barnett, Paul G; Wong, Wynnie; Jeffers, Abra et al. (2014) Cost-effectiveness of extended cessation treatment for older smokers. Addiction 109:314-22
Humfleet, Gary L; Hall, Sharon M; Delucchi, Kevin L et al. (2013) A randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments provided in HIV clinical care settings. Nicotine Tob Res 15:1436-45
Hendricks, Peter S; Delucchi, Kevin L; Humfleet, Gary L et al. (2012) Alcohol and marijuana use in the context of tobacco dependence treatment: impact on outcome and mediation of effect. Nicotine Tob Res 14:942-51
Hall, Sharon M; Humfleet, Gary L; Munoz, Ricardo F et al. (2011) Using extended cognitive behavioral treatment and medication to treat dependent smokers. Am J Public Health 101:2349-56
Hendricks, Peter S; Wood, Sabrina B; Baker, Majel R et al. (2011) The Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire: measurement of smokers' abstinence-related expectancies. Addiction 106:716-28

Showing the most recent 10 out of 53 publications