Because of cocaine's effect on developing monoaminergic systems, prenatal cocaine-exposure may interfere with the developmental ontogeny of children's abilities to regulate states of arousal and attention, thereby altering the development of prefrontal cortical executive functions. The present proposal seeks to extend promising preliminary findings regarding cortical functioning in prenatally cocaine exposed school-aged children participating in event related potential (ERP) studies. Subjects participating in these preliminary studies are members of cohort of 369 children followed longitudinally since birth (RO1 DA-06025) with biyeady visits in which we have described a continuum of developmental impairment among prenatally cocaine-exposed children that includes emotional lability, impaired visuospatial processing and visual motor integration, impulsivity and difficulty inhibiting prepotent responses. The cohort is currently participating in an ongoing 7 to 11 year follow-up with repeated assessments of, among other domains, attention regulation and aspects of executive functioning. In the preliminary ERP studies that are the basis of the present proposal, 29 prenatally prenatally cocaine-exposed and non-cocaine-exposed 7 to 9 year old children responded to a standard Stroop paradigm and a familiarization paradigm. Effects across both experiments were noted in the region of the initial positive peak (P1), the following large negative peak (N1) and the later positive peak (P2). In the Stroop paradigm, cocaine exposed children generated longer latency and prolonged ERP components while the control children produced faster and briefer responses. In the familiarization paradigm, results suggest that cocaine exposed children utilize more cortex to discriminate between repeated presentations of the same stimuli compared to non-cocaine exposed children. Taken together, these findings indicate that early exposure to cocaine may inhibit the specialization and streamlining of brain region involvement during cognitive processing such that task processing is slower to begin, requires more diverse cortical involvement, and requires more time to complete. Based on these findings, we propose to use ERP methods to assess with repeated visits at 11,12, & 13 years the 369 children participating in our longitudinal cohort using three stimulus response experiments, the Stroop, a familiar-novel words paradigm, and a P300 traditional """"""""odd-ball"""""""" paradigm. Research utilizing ERP methodology in children has demonstrated its potential in studying frontal maturation, and thus it may provide additional information necessary for clarifying the general and specific effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on cortical functioning and the developmental course of cognitive functions. Such information may then lead to better definition and treatment of these developmental problems.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DA017863-05S1
Application #
7632766
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1-EXL-T (04))
Program Officer
Borek, Nicolette T
Project Start
2004-04-15
Project End
2010-03-31
Budget Start
2008-06-15
Budget End
2010-03-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2008
Total Cost
$14,040
Indirect Cost
Name
Yale University
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
Wu, Jia; Willner, Cynthia J; Hill, Claire et al. (2018) Emotional eating and instructed food-cue processing in adolescents: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 132:27-36
Morie, Kristen P; Wu, Jia; Landi, Nicole et al. (2018) Feedback processing in adolescents with prenatal cocaine exposure: an electrophysiological investigation. Dev Neuropsychol 43:183-197
Morie, Kristen P; Yip, Sarah W; Zhai, Zu Wei et al. (2017) White-matter crossing-fiber microstructure in adolescents prenatally exposed to cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend 174:23-29
Zakiniaeiz, Yasmin; Yip, Sarah W; Balodis, Iris M et al. (2017) Altered functional connectivity to stressful stimuli in prenatally cocaine-exposed adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 180:129-136
Zakiniaeiz, Yasmin; Cosgrove, Kelly P; Mazure, Carolyn M et al. (2017) Does Telescoping Exist in Male and Female Gamblers? Does It Matter? Front Psychol 8:1510
Panjwani, Naaila; Chaplin, Tara M; Sinha, Rajita et al. (2016) Gender Differences in Emotion Expression in Low-Income Adolescents Under Stress. J Nonverbal Behav 40:117-132
Yip, Sarah W; Lacadie, Cheryl M; Sinha, Rajita et al. (2016) Prenatal cocaine exposure, illicit-substance use and stress and craving processes during adolescence. Drug Alcohol Depend 158:76-85
Vazquez, Lauren; Blood, Julia D; Wu, Jia et al. (2016) High frequency heart-rate variability predicts adolescent depressive symptoms, particularly anhedonia, across one year. J Affect Disord 196:243-7
Blood, Julia D; Wu, Jia; Chaplin, Tara M et al. (2015) The variable heart: High frequency and very low frequency correlates of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. J Affect Disord 186:119-26
Elsey, James; Coates, Alice; Lacadie, Cheryl M et al. (2015) Childhood trauma and neural responses to personalized stress, favorite-food and neutral-relaxing cues in adolescents. Neuropsychopharmacology 40:1580-9

Showing the most recent 10 out of 32 publications