The revised application proposes a five-year extension of the Early Steps Multisite Project (ES-M) focused on Understanding and Preventing Early Drug Use Risk. The ES- M project is a collaboration of the Child and Family Center at the University of Oregon (Dishion), the University of Pittsburgh (Shaw), and the University of Virginia (Wilson). The first five years have been quite successful in exceeding expected recruitment rates (731), maintaining high retention rates (85%), engaging families in our family- intervention model, and producing a reduction in problem behavior and emotion distress in children from ages 2 through 4. We have found that improvements in children's adjustment were mediated by improved family management practices. In the next five years we propose to adapt the family intervention model to provide support for each child's transition into the public school system, and conduct developmental analyses to better understand early emergence of school competence, early deviant peer involvement problem behavior, and emotion distress as well as address the role of siblings in development and as an intervention outcome variable. Biannual intensive assessments are proposed that include home visits and direct observations, as well as yearly assessments of the child's problem behavior and self-regulation in the families'context. This assessment builds on an existing multiagent and multimethod assessment strategy across all three sites that have included yearly direct observations as well as measurement of child and family characteristics. We propose that the study will test the effectiveness of a feasible, cost-effective, family-centered intervention that can be initiated within WIC or similar service settings and be continued and maintained in the public school environment. In addition, the data set affords a rich opportunity to link caregiver engagement in the intervention with child and family outcomes. The net effect of this family-centered, early intervention strategy is significant reduction of risk for early- onset problem behavior, improved school competence, reduction in children's mental health disorders, and reductions in risk for drug use risk from age 2 through 10. Advancements in multivariate data analysis such as general growth mixture modeling will be used to study the environmental factors associated with the formation of health and of high-risk developmental trajectories, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the family intervention in altering those trajectories.

Public Health Relevance

Recent basic research on early-starting patterns of drug use risk implicate that the child?s early caregiving environment plays a critical role in moderating the course of early-starting problem behavior. Building upon our current family-based intervention work with the same cohort of 731 toddlers identified at risk on the basis of socioeconomic, family, and child risk factors, the current study proposes to adapt the family intervention model to provide support for each child?s transition into the public school system, and conduct developmental analyses to better understand early emergence of school competence, early deviant peer involvement problem behavior, and emotion distress as well as address the role of siblings in development and as an intervention outcome variable. The net effect of this family-centered, early intervention strategy is significant reduction of risk for early-onset problem behavior, improved school competence, reduction in children?s mental health disorders, and reductions in risk for drug use risk from age 2 through 10.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01DA022773-03S1
Application #
8024722
Study Section
Human Development Research Subcommittee (NIDA)
Program Officer
Sims, Belinda E
Project Start
2008-05-15
Project End
2013-02-28
Budget Start
2010-03-01
Budget End
2011-02-28
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$24,563
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
004514360
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
Womack, Sean R; Taraban, Lindsay; Shaw, Daniel S et al. (2018) Family Turbulence and Child Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors: Moderation of Effects by Race. Child Dev :
Shelleby, Elizabeth C; Shaw, Daniel S; Dishion, Thomas J et al. (2018) Effects of the Family Check-Up on reducing growth in conduct problems from toddlerhood through school age: An analysis of moderated mediation. J Consult Clin Psychol 86:856-867
Galán, Chardée A; Shaw, Daniel S; Dishion, Thomas J et al. (2017) Neighborhood Deprivation during Early Childhood and Conduct Problems in Middle Childhood: Mediation by Aggressive Response Generation. J Abnorm Child Psychol 45:935-946
Taraban, Lindsay; Shaw, Daniel S; Leve, Leslie D et al. (2017) Maternal depression and parenting in early childhood: Contextual influence of marital quality and social support in two samples. Dev Psychol 53:436-449
Hails, Katherine A; Reuben, Julia D; Shaw, Daniel S et al. (2017) Transactional Associations Among Maternal Depression, Parent-Child Coercion, and Child Conduct Problems During Early Childhood. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol :1-15
Chang, Hyein; Shaw, Daniel S; Shelleby, Elizabeth C et al. (2017) The Long-Term Effectiveness of the Family Check-up on Peer Preference: Parent-Child Interaction and Child Effortful Control as Sequential Mediators. J Abnorm Child Psychol 45:705-717
McIntyre, Laura Lee; Pelham 3rd, William E; Kim, Matthew H et al. (2017) A Brief Measure of Language Skills at 3 Years of Age and Special Education Use in Middle Childhood. J Pediatr 181:189-194
Dishion, Thomas J; Mun, Chung Jung; Tein, Jenn-Yun et al. (2017) The Validation of Macro and Micro Observations of Parent-Child Dynamics Using the Relationship Affect Coding System in Early Childhood. Prev Sci 18:268-280
Shaw, Daniel S; Sitnick, Stephanie L; Reuben, Julia et al. (2016) Transactional effects among maternal depression, neighborhood deprivation, and child conduct problems from early childhood through adolescence: A tale of two low-income samples. Dev Psychopathol 28:819-36
Shaw, Daniel S; Sitnick, Stephanie L; Brennan, Lauretta M et al. (2016) The long-term effectiveness of the Family Check-Up on school-age conduct problems: Moderation by neighborhood deprivation. Dev Psychopathol 28:1471-1486

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