The worldwide epidemics of HIV/AIDS and substance abuse adversely affect tens of millions of people. Injection drug use (IDU), largely of opiates, is the second most frequent route of acquisition of HIV in the US and most frequent in many Western European countries. The world's most volatile emerging HIV epidemics are fueled by illicit drug use in the former Soviet Union, other Eastern European countries,[1] Southeast Asia, China and other Western Pacific countries. HIV/AIDS and related co morbid conditions, including hepatitis C (HCV) and tuberculosis (TB), are the major causes of morbidity and mortality among drug users. HCV, highly prevalent among drug users in the US, particularly in those co-infected with HIV, is a major cause of liver failure and death. One third of the world's population is infected with micro bacterium TB, with increasing numbers in IDUs with HIV co infection. Substantial advances in the treatment of chemical dependency and dramatic advances in HIV/AIDS treatment have been made in past decades. The success of antiretroviral therapy and treatment for other co morbid conditions such as TB and HCV in substance abusers requires concomitant treatment of substance abuse. Problematic drug interactions between therapies for HIV, and substance abuse and TB and HCV therapies as well can blunt or reverse therapeutic .benefits for each and all of these diseases. Our group performed the first studies of drug interactions with antiretroviral and substances abuse therapies and have continued to work productively in this area over the past two decades. We now propose pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of drug interactions with exciting new antiretroviral therapies. These studies will form the first specific aim of this proposal. As second and third aims, we will broaden our work with substance abuse and new antiretroviral therapies to address critical drug interactions between TB and HCV and .substance abuse therapies. To accomplish these aims, we propose three critical studies of antiretroviral and substance abuse therapy, two important neglected studies of TB and substance abuse therapies, one study of TB, substance abuse and antiretroviral and one study of the most promising HCV therapy, in a logical sequential order over the five year course of this grant. This work will be performed by a highly experienced and interactive team, expert in the treatment of substance abuse, HIV/AIDS and TB and HCV, the conditions targeted by this proposal. This team is skilled and productive in the performance of phase I, II, III and IV clinical trials with injection drug users and other vulnerable populations. Public Health Relevance: Injection drug users have high rates of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases which are responsible for illness and death. Treatment of substance abuse is necessary for successful treatment of these infections, but interactions between different drugs interfere with treatment success. This grant will perform studies to identify these interactions and improve the treatment of these conditions in this vulnerable population.

Public Health Relevance

Injection drug users have high rates of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases which are responsible for illness and death. Treatment of substance abuse is necessary for successful treatment of these infections, but interactions between different drugs interfere with treatment success. This grant will perform studies to identify these interactions and improve the treatment of these conditions in this vulnerable population.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA025932-05
Application #
8284483
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZDA1-GXM-A (07))
Program Officer
Khalsa, Jagjitsingh H
Project Start
2008-09-01
Project End
2014-06-30
Budget Start
2012-07-01
Budget End
2014-06-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$357,593
Indirect Cost
$141,525
Name
Yale University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
043207562
City
New Haven
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06520
Gilbert, Jennifer A; Long, Elisa F; Brooks, Ralph P et al. (2015) Integrating Community-Based Interventions to Reverse the Convergent TB/HIV Epidemics in Rural South Africa. PLoS One 10:e0126267
Bruce, R Douglas; Moody, David E; Altice, Frederick L et al. (2013) A review of pharmacological interactions between HIV or hepatitis C virus medications and opioid agonist therapy: implications and management for clinical practice. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 6:249-69
Bruce, Robert Douglas; Winkle, Peter; Custodio, Joseph M et al. (2013) The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and elvitegravir/cobicistat in subjects receiving chronic buprenorphine/naloxone treatment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 63:480-4
Bruce, R Douglas; Winkle, P; Custodio, J M et al. (2013) Investigation of the interactions between methadone and elvitegravir-cobicistat in subjects receiving chronic methadone maintenance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 57:6154-7
Bruce, R Douglas; Moody, David E; Fang, Wenfang B et al. (2011) Tipranavir/ritonavir induction of buprenorphine glucuronide metabolism in HIV-negative subjects chronically receiving buprenorphine/naloxone. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 37:224-8
Rich, Josiah D; Wohl, David A; Beckwith, Curt G et al. (2011) HIV-related research in correctional populations: now is the time. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 8:288-96
McCance-Katz, Elinore F; Moody, David E; Prathikanti, Sudha et al. (2011) Rifampin, but not rifabutin, may produce opiate withdrawal in buprenorphine-maintained patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 118:326-34
Bruce, Robert Douglas; Altice, Frederick L; Moody, David E et al. (2010) Pharmacokinetic interactions between buprenorphine/naloxone and once-daily lopinavir/ritonavir. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 54:511-4
Altice, Frederick L; Kamarulzaman, Adeeba; Soriano, Vincent V et al. (2010) Treatment of medical, psychiatric, and substance-use comorbidities in people infected with HIV who use drugs. Lancet 376:367-87
Friedland, Gerald (2010) Infectious disease comorbidities adversely affecting substance users with HIV: hepatitis C and tuberculosis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 55 Suppl 1:S37-42

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