We propose to advance a technology that, for the first time, will permit in vivo detection of any neurotransmitter that binds to a G-protein coupled receptor. This includes the monoamines, which play a fundamental role in neuromodulation and a biomedical role in addiction and mental disorders, and peptide transmitters, which are important for the neuroendocrine system and control of vascular tone and blood flow. At present, only limited in vivo assays are available to detect monoamines and peptide neurotransmission. This deficit is a major impediment to understanding normal signaling in the brain. To fill this gap of missing, we introduce Cell-based Neurotransmitter Fluorescent Engineered Reporters (CNiFERs) for the optical measurement of exogenous receptor activity in vivo. A CNiFER is a clonal cell-line that is engineered to express a specific metabotropic receptor that couples to G proteins and a genetically encoded FRET-based Ca2+ sensor that detects changes in intracellular [Ca2+]. Stimulation of the metabotropic receptor leads to elevations in cytosolic [Ca2+], providing a direct and rapid readout of local neurotransmitter activity. CNiFERs are acutely or chronically implanted and fluorescence measured with in vivo two-photon microscopy. This new technology will make it possible to map the spatial patterns of in vivo signaling with up to ~ 100 5M spatial precision and ~ 1 s temporal resolution.

Public Health Relevance

Kleinfeld, David and Slesinger, Paul A. Chemical communication between brain cells underlies the computations performed by a nervous system as animals'locomote and interact with their environment. Yet measurements of the spatial patterns and temporal release of the neuronal transmitters and modulators that mediate this communication have proven to be difficult. Here we propose to develop and implement a new technology, CNiFERs (cell-based neurotransmitter fluorescent engineered reporters), that may be used in conjunction with optical microscopy as a means to detect patterns of neuronal and neurovascular signaling patterns in the brain in vivo.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA029706-05
Application #
8654321
Study Section
Microscopic Imaging Study Section (MI)
Program Officer
Pilotte, Nancy S
Project Start
2010-07-01
Project End
2015-04-30
Budget Start
2014-05-01
Budget End
2015-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Physics
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
Lacin, Emre; Muller, Arnaud; Fernando, Marian et al. (2016) Construction of Cell-based Neurotransmitter Fluorescent Engineered Reporters (CNiFERs) for Optical Detection of Neurotransmitters In Vivo. J Vis Exp :
Uhlirova, Hana; K?l?ç, K?v?lc?m; Tian, Peifang et al. (2016) The roadmap for estimation of cell-type-specific neuronal activity from non-invasive measurements. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 371:
Shih, Andy Y; Rühlmann, Charlotta; Blinder, Pablo et al. (2015) Robust and fragile aspects of cortical blood flow in relation to the underlying angioarchitecture. Microcirculation 22:204-218
Glaaser, Ian W; Slesinger, Paul A (2015) Structural Insights into GIRK Channel Function. Int Rev Neurobiol 123:117-60
Tsai, Philbert S; Mateo, Celine; Field, Jeffrey J et al. (2015) Ultra-large field-of-view two-photon microscopy. Opt Express 23:13833-47
Muller, Arnaud; Joseph, Victory; Slesinger, Paul A et al. (2014) Cell-based reporters reveal in vivo dynamics of dopamine and norepinephrine release in murine cortex. Nat Methods 11:1245-52
Munoz, Michaelanne B; Slesinger, Paul A (2014) Sorting nexin 27 regulation of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K? channels attenuates in vivo cocaine response. Neuron 82:659-69
Devor, Anna; Bandettini, Peter A; Boas, David A et al. (2013) The challenge of connecting the dots in the B.R.A.I.N. Neuron 80:270-4
Lin, John Y; Knutsen, Per Magne; Muller, Arnaud et al. (2013) ReaChR: a red-shifted variant of channelrhodopsin enables deep transcranial optogenetic excitation. Nat Neurosci 16:1499-508
Shih, Andy Y; Driscoll, Jonathan D; Drew, Patrick J et al. (2012) Two-photon microscopy as a tool to study blood flow and neurovascular coupling in the rodent brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 32:1277-309

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