The overarching goal of this time-sensitive application is to measure the effectiveness of the new abuse deterrent formulation (ADF) for OxyContin(R) in decreasing abuse of OxyContin(R). Prescription opioid abuse is a major public health concern and has plagued the rural United States in particular. The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) and the FDA have strongly encouraged the pharmaceutical industry to develop formulations that protect against abuse;however, apart from clinical trials among pain patients demonstrating efficacy of the drug for treating pain, there have been no epidemiologic studies to date that have examined whether ADFs are actually effective in reducing abuse of any drug. A longitudinal epidemiologic study of prescription opioid abuse is currently in the latter phase of follow-up in rural Kentucky (R01-DA024598) in which 94.8% of participants abused OxyContin(R) in their lifetime, and 81% abused the drug in the 6-months prior to the formulation change. Given this high prevalence of OxyContin(R) abuse before the formulation change, this study sample is ideal for detecting changes in signals of abuse with the new ADF for OxyContin(R).
The specific aims i nclude: 1) evaluation of the effectiveness of the ADF for OxyContin(R) in reducing abuse via oral, intranasal and injection routes;2) determining whether opioid users transitioned to abuse of other prescription opioids once the non-ADF version was no longer available on the street;and 3) examination of changes in prevalence and incidence of HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) as a result of changes in route of administration after the old formulation was no longer available. This time-sensitive study is highly significant given the paucity of epidemiologic data related to the effectiveness of ADFs in reducing abuse of prescription opioids. Further, this study is uniquely positioned to measure the effectiveness of the ADF for OxyContin(R) expeditiously and without the potential bias that would result if abuse were assessed retrospectively. Given the importance that the ONDCP and the FDA have placed on further development of ADFs for prescription opioids, the results from this study have vast implications for public policy in addition to public health. This highly relevant study will evaluae the effectiveness of a model ADF across multiple public health domains, including changes in this product's abuse and misuse via the oral, intranasal and injection routes of administration. The results from this study, in turn, will have vast implications for not only public health, but aso policies surrounding development of ADFs in order to prevent abuse of prescription opioids.

Public Health Relevance

Prescription opioid abuse is a significant public health problem in the United States. Abuse deterrent formulations (ADFs) are one strategy that are being used to combat the growing issue. However, there is a paucity of longitudinal epidemiologic data on the effectiveness of ADFs in reducing opioid abuse. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the effectiveness of the ADF for OxyContin(R) in reducing OxyContin(R) abuse via the oral, intranasal and injection routes of administration and to determine whether drug users transition to abusing non-ADF opioids, as well as whether rates of HIV and HCV differ as a result of changes in abuse patterns once the old formulation is off the street.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA033862-03
Application #
8723796
Study Section
Behavioral and Social Consequences of HIV/AIDS Study Section (BSCH)
Program Officer
Obrien, Moira
Project Start
2012-09-01
Project End
2015-08-31
Budget Start
2014-09-01
Budget End
2015-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Kentucky
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Lexington
State
KY
Country
United States
Zip Code
40506
Stone, Jack; Fraser, Hannah; Lim, Aaron G et al. (2018) Incarceration history and risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus acquisition among people who inject drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 18:1397-1409
Young, April M; Rudolph, Abby E; Havens, Jennifer R (2018) Network-Based Research on Rural Opioid Use: an Overview of Methods and Lessons Learned. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 15:113-119
Havens, Jennifer R; Walsh, Sharon L; Korthuis, P Todd et al. (2018) Implementing Treatment of Opioid-Use Disorder in Rural Settings: a Focus on HIV and Hepatitis C Prevention and Treatment. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 15:315-323
Friedman, Samuel R; Williams, Leslie; Young, April M et al. (2018) Network Research Experiences in New York and Eastern Europe: Lessons for the Southern US in Understanding HIV Transmission Dynamics. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 15:283-292
Vickers Smith, Rachel; Boland, Elaine M; Young, April M et al. (2018) A qualitative analysis of gabapentin misuse and diversion among people who use drugs in Appalachian Kentucky. Psychol Addict Behav 32:115-121
Hofmeister, Megan G; Havens, Jennifer R; Young, April M (2017) Silence Surrounding Hepatitis C Status in Risk Relationships Among Rural People Who Use Drugs. J Prim Prev 38:481-494
Stephens, Dustin B; Young, April M; Havens, Jennifer R (2017) Healthcare contact and treatment uptake following hepatitis C virus screening and counseling among rural Appalachian people who use drugs. Int J Drug Policy 47:86-94
Rudolph, Abby E; Young, April M; Havens, Jennifer R (2017) Examining the Social Context of Injection Drug Use: Social Proximity to Persons Who Inject Drugs Versus Geographic Proximity to Persons Who Inject Drugs. Am J Epidemiol 186:970-978
Rudolph, Abby E; Young, April M; Havens, Jennifer R (2017) A rural/urban comparison of privacy and confidentiality concerns associated with providing sensitive location information in epidemiologic research involving persons who use drugs. Addict Behav 74:106-111
Smith, Rachel V; Havens, Jennifer R; Walsh, Sharon L (2016) Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review. Addiction 111:1160-74

Showing the most recent 10 out of 20 publications