Many older adults experience excessive difficulty perceiving speech in background noise. Why this occurs for some, but not all older individuals is a question that currently has no answer. Our long-term goal is to understand the biological bases of speech-in-noise perception in older adults and to use that knowledge to improve perception through training. Converging evidence indicates that the auditory sensory system (including cochlear mechanics and brainstem) is dynamic and can be shaped by short-term (training) and lifelong (language and music) experience. Normal verbal communication depends on the accurate transcription of sound by the nervous system, especially in noisy backgrounds. Failure of this transcription process in the aging population represents a huge social and financial cost, and considerable resources are invested in treatments that may not work. Little objective assessment exists in diagnosis and evaluation of treatment options. Further, there is emerging evidence that the auditory periphery is modulated by higher centers via the efferent system to aid listening in background noise. This contribution remains to be characterized and/or quantified in any detail in the human species. Accordingly, our objectives are to determine brainstem transcription of speech sounds in noise in older adults, how this transcription relates to measures of cochlear mechanics, and the plasticity of transcription with training. Our central hypothesis is that disruption of transcription accuracy and cochlear mechanics are factors in listening-in-noise impairments, and that disruption can be remedied by intervention. The outcome of the proposed work will reveal sensory mechanisms linked to speech perception in noise in older adults and determine plasticity of basic sensory circuitry arising from short-term training. This outcome will have a positive impact on our understanding and objective assessment of sensory function in aging adults.
Normal verbal communication depends on the accurate transcription of sound by the nervous system, especially in noisy backgrounds. Many older adults experience excessive difficulty understanding speech in background noise because, at some level, the transcription process has broken down. Our first objective is to investigate the earliest levels of transcription-cochlear mechanics and brainstem encoding - and determine the extent to which they may contribute to the problem, thereby potentially leading to an objective metric. The second objective is to investigate the extent to which a training-based remedy affects these early processing levels. This outcome will have a positive impact on our understanding and objective assessment of sensory function in aging adults.
| Skoe, Erika; Krizman, Jennifer; Anderson, Samira et al. (2015) Stability and plasticity of auditory brainstem function across the lifespan. Cereb Cortex 25:1415-26 |
| Thompson, Elaine C; White-Schwoch, Travis; Tierney, Adam et al. (2015) Beat Synchronization across the Lifespan: Intersection of Development and Musical Experience. PLoS One 10:e0128839 |
| Anderson, Samira; White-Schwoch, Travis; Choi, Hee Jae et al. (2014) Partial maintenance of auditory-based cognitive training benefits in older adults. Neuropsychologia 62:286-96 |
| Kraus, Nina; Anderson, Samira (2014) Bigger is Not Better: Effects of Hearing Loss on Central Processing. Hear J 67:3 |
| Anderson, Samira; White-Schwoch, Travis; Parbery-Clark, Alexandra et al. (2013) A dynamic auditory-cognitive system supports speech-in-noise perception in older adults. Hear Res 300:18-32 |
| Anderson, Samira; Kraus, Nina (2013) Auditory Training: Evidence for Neural Plasticity in Older Adults. Perspect Hear Hear Disord Res Res Diagn 17:37-57 |
| Skoe, Erika; Kraus, Nina (2013) Musical training heightens auditory brainstem function during sensitive periods in development. Front Psychol 4:622 |
| Anderson, Samira; White-Schwoch, Travis; Choi, Hee Jae et al. (2013) Training changes processing of speech cues in older adults with hearing loss. Front Syst Neurosci 7:97 |
| White-Schwoch, Travis; Woodruff Carr, Kali; Anderson, Samira et al. (2013) Older adults benefit from music training early in life: biological evidence for long-term training-driven plasticity. J Neurosci 33:17667-74 |
| Anderson, Samira; White-Schwoch, Travis; Parbery-Clark, Alexandra et al. (2013) Reversal of age-related neural timing delays with training. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:4357-62 |
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