Despite considerable progress in cochlear implant (CI) technology over the past three decades, speech perception via a CI remains considerably poorer than with normal hearing (NH), particularly in noisy backgrounds. Similar difficulties, although often to a lesser extent, are experienced by hearing-impaired (HI) listeners, whose hearing loss is not severe enough to warrant a CI, even after hearing-aid fitting. The long-term goal of this research is to improve auditory and speech perception via CIs and hearing aids, through a greater understanding of the basic mechanisms that contribute to, and limit, the perception of speech in challenging acoustic conditions. This goal is addressed through three specific aims.
The first aim i s to combine behavioral and non-invasive neural measures to better understand auditory context effects in NH, HI, and CI populations. Context effects are a crucial part of our perceptual experience, and help to maintain perceptual constancy ? the ability to recognize objects, voices, and words, in the face of different room acoustics, talker properties, and varying background noise. Little is known about how context effects are altered by aging, hearing loss, or CIs.
The second aim i s to study acoustic and linguistic context effects in speech, and to understand how age and hearing loss interact with this important class of context effects.
The third aim i s to understand the peripheral and more central contributions to individual differences in the outcomes of CI users. It is often assumed that peripheral and implant-related factors can explain a significant proportion of the variance in CI outcomes.
This aim will provide a direct test of the assumption by comparing the variability among CI users with the estimated population variance among younger and older NH listeners under degraded listening conditions in both psychoacoustic and speech-based measures of performance, using larger samples than have been tested in the past. Overall, the results will provide new insights into the spectro-temporal processing of auditory and speech stimuli by NH, HI, and CI populations that will help in the treatment and rehabilitation strategies for people with hearing loss. Treatments include the incorporation of missing context effects that assist perception in varying acoustic conditions via signal processing in hearing aids and CIs, and rehabilitation may include training strategies that accelerate the ability of HI and CI patients to utilize linguistic context cues in everyday conversational environments.

Public Health Relevance

This project investigates the perception and neural coding of speech and non-speech sounds in younger and older people with normal hearing, people with hearing loss, and people with cochlear implants. The goal is to understand more about how both acoustic and linguistic context influences normal auditory perception and neural processing, and how hearing loss and cochlear implants alter these context effects. A better understanding of context effects and individual differences in their perception should lead to better hearing aids and auditory implants, which will help people with hearing disabilities communicate more effectively.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DC012262-06A1
Application #
9838390
Study Section
Auditory System Study Section (AUD)
Program Officer
King, Kelly Anne
Project Start
2013-03-01
Project End
2024-05-31
Budget Start
2019-06-15
Budget End
2020-05-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Department
Psychology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
555917996
City
Minneapolis
State
MN
Country
United States
Zip Code
55455
Feng, Lei; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Auditory enhancement and the role of spectral resolution in normal-hearing listeners and cochlear-implant users. J Acoust Soc Am 144:552
Feng, Lei; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Spectral contrast effects produced by competing speech contexts. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 44:1447-1457
Sumner, Christian J; Wells, Toby T; Bergevin, Christopher et al. (2018) Mammalian behavior and physiology converge to confirm sharper cochlear tuning in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:11322-11326
Kreft, Heather A; Wojtczak, Magdalena; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Auditory enhancement under simultaneous masking in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. J Acoust Soc Am 143:901
Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) How We Hear: The Perception and Neural Coding of Sound. Annu Rev Psychol 69:27-50
Feng, Lei; Oxenham, Andrew J (2018) Effects of spectral resolution on spectral contrast effects in cochlear-implant users. J Acoust Soc Am 143:EL468
Arenberg, Julie G; Parkinson, Wendy S; Litvak, Leonid et al. (2018) A Dynamically Focusing Cochlear Implant Strategy Can Improve Vowel Identification in Noise. Ear Hear 39:1136-1145
Oxenham, Andrew J; Boucher, Jeffrey E; Kreft, Heather A (2017) Speech intelligibility is best predicted by intensity, not cochlea-scaled entropy. J Acoust Soc Am 142:EL264
Wojtczak, Magdalena; Beim, Jordan A; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Weak Middle-Ear-Muscle Reflex in Humans with Noise-Induced Tinnitus and Normal Hearing May Reflect Cochlear Synaptopathy. eNeuro 4:
Kreft, Heather A; Oxenham, Andrew J (2017) Auditory Enhancement in Cochlear-Implant Users Under Simultaneous and Forward Masking. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 18:483-493

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