Many children with hearing loss (CHL) now receive early intervention within the first few months of life. Even with early intervention, however, some CHL with hearing aids do not reach their full developmental potential. Challenges are compounded in learning and social environments because most listening environments are characterized by background noise. CHL experience significantly greater difficulty than children with normal hearing (CNH) with understanding speech in noisy situations. CHL who wear hearing aids are an under- studied population, leading to substantial gaps in our knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms for their speech in noise deficits. A limited understanding of the mechanisms for speech recognition in noise hinders the development of targeted intervention strategies to reduce these deficits. The current proposal will identify factors that underlie variability in speech recognition in noise in school-age CHL who use hearing aids. This proposal is based on the premise that selective attention, working memory, and language support processes that are crucial for speech recognition in noise. The current proposal seeks to test the hypothesis that CHL with better selective attention, working memory, and language abilities will have stronger spectral resolution, perceptual weighting for speech, and less susceptibility to informational masking. Advantages in these skills will be associated with better speech understanding in noise.
Three specific aims are proposed:
Aim 1. Examine the effects of selective attention, working memory, and spectral resolution on speech recognition in noise.
Aim 2. Characterize the effects of selective attention and language on perceptual weighting for speech in noise.
Aim 3. Evaluate selective attention as a predictor of speech recognition in speech maskers.
In Aim 1, we will examine measures of selective attention, working memory, and spectral resolution on speech recognition in noise for CNH and CHL. We predict that selective attention and working memory support spectral resolution in children, which in turn support speech recognition in noise.
In Aim 2, perceptual weighting functions will be measured for speech stimuli that vary in linguistic complexity. We predict that CNH and CHL with stronger selective attention, working memory, and language skills will have perceptual weights concentrated in mid-frequency bands, reflecting mature and selective listening that is less susceptible to noise.
In Aim 3, we will assess the effects of selective attention on speech recognition with speech maskers that produce informational masking. We predict that CNH and CHL who have stronger selective attention skills will have less susceptibility to informational masking than peers with poorer skills, but that this effect is mediated by the child's language and working memory abilities. The data generated from this proposal will inform theoretical models regarding speech recognition in CNH and CHL. The proposed studies will also provide empirical evidence for the development of individualized strategies for prescribing hearing aids for children that are based on the child's individual cognitive and linguistic skills.

Public Health Relevance

The purpose of this research proposal is to investigate the underlying mechanisms that support speech recognition in noise for school-age children with hearing loss. The proposed research is relevant to public health because it will provide important insights into the impact of hearing loss on the ability to listen and learn in background noise. This project is highly related to the NIH?s mission because the data will lead to improved and more individualized treatment options for individuals with mild to severe hearing loss and has the potential to improve how children who wear hearing aids function in every day listening environments.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DC013591-06A1
Application #
9839807
Study Section
Auditory System Study Section (AUD)
Program Officer
King, Kelly Anne
Project Start
2013-12-01
Project End
2024-07-31
Budget Start
2019-08-01
Budget End
2020-07-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Father Flanagan's Boys' Home
Department
Type
DUNS #
073136806
City
Boys Town
State
NE
Country
United States
Zip Code
68010
Brennan, Marc A; McCreery, Ryan W; Buss, Emily et al. (2018) The Influence of Hearing Aid Gain on Gap-Detection Thresholds for Children and Adults With Hearing Loss. Ear Hear 39:969-979
Kirby, Benjamin J; Spratford, Meredith; Klein, Kelsey E et al. (2018) Cognitive Abilities Contribute to Spectro-Temporal Discrimination in Children Who Are Hard of Hearing. Ear Hear :
Walker, Elizabeth A; Ambrose, Sophie E; Oleson, Jacob et al. (2017) False Belief Development in Children Who Are Hard of Hearing Compared With Peers With Normal Hearing. J Speech Lang Hear Res 60:3487-3506
Spratford, Meredith; McLean, Hannah Hodson; McCreery, Ryan (2017) Relationship of Grammatical Context on Children's Recognition of s/z-Inflected Words. J Am Acad Audiol 28:799-809
Kirby, Benjamin J; Kopun, Judy G; Spratford, Meredith et al. (2017) Listener Performance with a Novel Hearing Aid Frequency Lowering Technique. J Am Acad Audiol 28:810-822
McCreery, Ryan W; Brennan, Marc; Walker, Elizabeth A et al. (2017) Perceptual Implications of Level- and Frequency-Specific Deviations from Hearing Aid Prescription in Children. J Am Acad Audiol 28:861-875
Walker, Elizabeth A; Spratford, Meredith; Ambrose, Sophie E et al. (2017) Service Delivery to Children With Mild Hearing Loss: Current Practice Patterns and Parent Perceptions. Am J Audiol 26:38-52
Klein, Kelsey E; Walker, Elizabeth A; Kirby, Benjamin et al. (2017) Vocabulary Facilitates Speech Perception in Children With Hearing Aids. J Speech Lang Hear Res 60:2281-2296
McCreery, Ryan W; Spratford, Meredith; Kirby, Benjamin et al. (2017) Individual differences in language and working memory affect children's speech recognition in noise. Int J Audiol 56:306-315
Lewis, Dawna; Kopun, Judy; McCreery, Ryan et al. (2017) Effect of Context and Hearing Loss on Time-Gated Word Recognition in Children. Ear Hear 38:e180-e192

Showing the most recent 10 out of 25 publications