It is well accepted that hypothalamic control over the release of the anterior pituitary hormones is brought about by the release of peptidic releasing and inhibiting hormones into the hypophyseal portal vessels and five of these, namely thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)l luteinizing hormone releasing-hormone (LHRH), growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (somatostatin, panhibin), corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), and growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) have already been characterized and synthesized. The lactotrophs are at least under the partial inhibitory control of the monoamine, dopamine. There are a number of characterized prolactin-releasing factors (PRFs) which include oxytocin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, peptide histadine isoleucine, neurotensin, angiotensin II, and possibility substance P. At least two additional peptidic factors remain to be characterized, namely FSH-RF and peptidic prolactin (PRL) release inhibiting factor (PIF). It is the purpose of this grant to further evaluate the role of brain peptides, pituitary hormones, monokines and thymic peptides in the control of gonadotropin and PRL release by direct action on the gland and also to evaluate the role of brain peptides in the control of the release of the releasing and inhibiting hormones themselves. The studies can be divided into the following three principal areas: (1) role of peptides either alone or in combination with other modulating or releasing or inhibiting compounds in control of release of FSH, LH and PRL by direct action on the gland; (2) role of releasing and inhibiting hormones and pituitary hormones in modulating their own release and that of other releasing hormones from the hypothalamus; and (3) the role of peptides in controlling release of the releasing and inhibiting hormones.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK043900-03
Application #
2143395
Study Section
Reproductive Biology Study Section (REB)
Project Start
1992-03-01
Project End
1996-02-28
Budget Start
1994-03-01
Budget End
1995-02-28
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1994
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Sw Medical Center Dallas
Department
Physiology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Dallas
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
75390
McCann, Samuel M; Haens, Geert; Mastronardi, Claudio et al. (2003) The role of nitric oxide (NO) in control of LHRH release that mediates gonadotropin release and sexual behavior. Curr Pharm Des 9:381-90
McCann, Samuel M; Kimura, Mayumi; Karanth, Sharada et al. (2002) Role of nitric oxide in the neuroendocrine response to cytokines. Front Horm Res 29:117-29
Yu, W H; Karanth, S; Sower, S A et al. (2000) The similarity of FSH-releasing factor to lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone III (l-GnRH-III). Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 224:87-92
McCann, S M; Antunes-Rodrigues, J; Franci, C R et al. (2000) Role of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis in the control of the response to stress and infection. Braz J Med Biol Res 33:1121-31
Soares, T J; Coimbra, T M; Martins, A R et al. (1999) Atrial natriuretic peptide and oxytocin induce natriuresis by release of cGMP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:278-83
Dees, W L; Hiney, J K; Sower, S A et al. (1999) Localization of immunoreactive lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the rat brain. Peptides 20:1503-11
McCann, S M; Mastronardi, C; Walczewska, A et al. (1999) The role of nitric oxide in reproduction. Braz J Med Biol Res 32:1367-79
Walczewska, A; Yu, W H; Karanth, S et al. (1999) Estrogen and leptin have differential effects on FSH and LH release in female rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 222:170-7
Marubayashi, U; Yu, W H; McCann, S M (1999) Median eminence lesions reveal separate hypothalamic control of pulsatile follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone release. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 220:139-46
Karanth, S; Lyson, K; McCann, S M (1999) Effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists on interleukin-2-induced corticotropin-releasing hormone release from the mediobasal hypothalamus. Neuroimmunomodulation 6:168-74

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