Children 5-9 years-old and newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have an increased lifetime risk of developing end stage renal disease and poor glycemic control may exacerbate this risk. Our pilot data suggest that up to 44% of 5-9 year-olds new to T1DM experience declining glycemic control early in their disease despite increasing treatment intensification as they exit the honeymoon period. Moreover, from the literature, we can ascertain that these declines may not be solely due to a loss in C peptide production and may be an outcome of nonadherence to daily T1DM management. Targeted behavioral interventions can help patients to achieve better adherence and glycemic control. Unfortunately, no such interventions exist for families of 5-9 year-olds and there is a lack of foundational research to inform intervention development for these families. The PI is a leader in studying T1DM management in young children. With the revised R01, she now seeks to expand her research to focus on intervention development for children in middle childhood. The new R01 aims are to 1) prospectively identify adherence and glycemic trajectories in families of 5-9 year-olds old with new-onset T1DM; 2) identify modifiable parent, child, and family behavior factors that serve as barriers or facilitators of optimal adherence and glycemic trajectories in these families; 3) develop a prototype preventative intervention specifically tailored to these families. The revised R01 aims will be accomplished in two studies. In Study 1, 120 families will complete a 30-month prospective, longitudinal study of adherence and glycemic trajectories and the causes and consequences of these in 5-9 year-olds new to T1DM. In Study 2, 28 parents will participate in serial semi-structured interviews designed to gather new data to inform the content of our preventative intervention and review and refine each intervention module to ensure a high level of acceptability and engagement among families. Finally, 12 families will participate in a pilot feasibility study of the intervention. This R01 is significant because we expect it to produce the necessary data to inform the development of a specific and targeted behavioral intervention which may ultimately result in improved trajectories of glycemic control and adherence for 5-9 year-olds with new-onset T1DM. It is innovative because it proposes a mixed methods research design to efficiently inform our interventions and increase the likelihood our treatments will be targeted to the unique characteristics, needs, and behavioral patterns of 5-9 year-olds with T1DM. We also believe it is innovative in its plan to recruit a homogeneous (by age) sample of children and Study 1's prospective, longitudinal design, which both represent departures from existing research in youths with new-onset T1DM. The research team has complementary expertise in treatment development, longitudinal research, health behavior theories, and T1DM management. The expected outcomes are a relevant and empirically-based preventative treatment, identification of a creditable attention control treatment, and novel longitudinal data regarding health outcomes for 5-9 year-olds with new-onset T1DM.

Public Health Relevance

The overall goal of this project is to inform preventative treatments that lead to improved trajectories of glycemic control and adherence in 5-9 year-olds with new-onset type 1 diabetes. This study is relevant to public health because type 1 diabetes is common in children and sub-optimal diabetes management can lead to increased morbidity and mortality in patients. The long-term goal of this research is to provide effective treatments t improve patients' diabetes self-care, reduce distress and barriers to optimal self-care, and prevent the development of diabetes-related complications.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK100779-04
Application #
9301535
Study Section
Behavioral Medicine, Interventions and Outcomes Study Section (BMIO)
Program Officer
Linder, Barbara
Project Start
2014-08-01
Project End
2019-07-31
Budget Start
2017-08-01
Budget End
2018-07-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2017
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Kansas
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
016060860
City
Kansas City
State
KS
Country
United States
Zip Code
66160
DeSalvo, Daniel J; Miller, Kellee M; Hermann, Julia M et al. (2018) Continuous glucose monitoring and glycemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes: International comparison from the T1D Exchange and DPV Initiative. Pediatr Diabetes 19:1271-1275
Calkins-Smith, Alison K; Marker, Arwen M; Clements, Mark A et al. (2018) Hope and mealtime insulin boluses are associated with depressive symptoms and glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes 19:1309-1314
Noser, Amy E; Patton, Susana R; Van Allen, Jason et al. (2017) Evaluating Parents' Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Management in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol 42:296-303
McDonough, Ryan J; Clements, Mark A; DeLurgio, Stephen A et al. (2017) Sleep duration and its impact on adherence in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes 18:262-270
Noser, Amy E; Huffhines, Lindsay; Clements, Mark A et al. (2017) Diabetes conflict outstrips the positive impact of self-efficacy on youth adherence and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 18:614-618
Patton, Susana R; Driscoll, Kimberly A; Clements, Mark A (2017) Adherence to Insulin Pump Behaviors in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol 11:87-91
Maliszewski, Genevieve; Patton, Susana R; Midyett, L Kurt et al. (2017) The Interactive Effect of Diabetes Family Conflict and Depression on Insulin Bolusing Behaviors for Youth. J Diabetes Sci Technol 11:493-498
Van Allen, Jason; Steele, Ric G; Nelson, Michael B et al. (2016) A Longitudinal Examination of Hope and Optimism and Their Role in Type 1 Diabetes in Youths. J Pediatr Psychol 41:741-9
Nelson, Eve-Lynn; Patton, Susana (2016) Using Videoconferencing to Deliver Individual Therapy and Pediatric Psychology Interventions with Children and Adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 26:212-20
Huffhines, Lindsay; Noser, Amy; Patton, Susana R (2016) The Link Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 16:54

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