Obesity is now a pandemic that will have significant impact on our current health care system. A common theme in obese individuals that progress towards diabetes is insulin resistance. A critical question in the field asks how obesity impairs insulin sensitivity as a first step in progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complexes (mTORC1) and 2 are multisubunit kinase complexes responsible for integrating multiple aspects of nutrient and growth factor signaling to regulate cellular anabolic processes such as cell growth, and translation. We have found that during catecholamine-induced lipolysis in fat cells the mTOR complexes are dissociated and thereby inhibited. While investigating the mechanism by which this occurs we made the novel discovery of a new class of oxidized neutral lipids that are responsible. While oxidized phospholipids have been implicated as component of lipoproteins responsible for initiating cardiovascular disease, our findings suggest that oxidized neutral lipids may analogously be responsible for adipocyte dysfunction. Completion of these aims will: 1.) define oxidized neutral lipids as novel inputs regulating mTOR complex activity, 2.) discover new strategies for inhibiting both mTOR complexes, 3.) describe the mechanism whereby catecholamines inhibit glucose uptake by adipocytes.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal investigates oxidized triacylglycerols and the regulation of the mTOR complexes. mTOR integrates cellular nutrient status to control growth, proliferation, and life span. Our studies suggest that oxidized neutral lipids play an important role in cellular physiology and can contribute to insulin resistance.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DK101946-03
Application #
9043053
Study Section
Cellular Aspects of Diabetes and Obesity Study Section (CADO)
Program Officer
Silva, Corinne M
Project Start
2014-04-01
Project End
2019-03-31
Budget Start
2016-04-01
Budget End
2017-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
065391526
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
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