Centrosomes are the spindle poles in dividing cells and are necessary for microtubule nucleation, chromosome alignment, chromosome movement, and establishment of the plane of the cleavage furrow. The ways in which the centrosomes form, function, and reproduce are poorly understood. We want to learn how these processes are controlled in order to establish a basis for new technologies to control cancer cell proliferation. 1. We isolate centrioles from sea urchin sperm and microinject them into fertilized sea urchin eggs. This leads to the formation of numerous supernumerary asters. To test for the role of the putative centriolar RNA in centrosome formation and reproduction, we will treat the centrioles with various RNAases, and psoralen, a RNA crosslinking compound. 2. We will inject nucleases or psoralen treated centrioles from sea urchin sperm and basal bodies from Chlamydomonas into activated Xenopus eggs to determine if asters from during meiosis or interphase. This should resolve the discrepancy between our existing results and those of another group. 3. To define the similarities and dissimilarities between acentriolar-anastral spindle poles and typical animal centrosomes, we will transfer the anastral- acentriolar spindles from mouse eggs, a mutant Drosophila cell line, and plant cells into fertilized sea urchin eggs. We want to examine the activity of these spindles in the sea urchin cytoplasm. Later we will characterize their ultrastructure to determine if they have undergone any structural changes after one or more cell cycles in the sea urchin egg. 4. We will determine the relative roles of centrioles and pericentriolar material in the reproduction of centrosomes. We will treat eggs with acridine orange and use a focused laser microbeam to ablate centrioles or portions of the pericentiolar material. By serial section ultrastructural analysis, we will correlate the structures damaged with the reproductive capacity of the centrosome. 5. We will determine if centrosome formation and reproduction in sea urchin eggs is under translational control. 6. Several exploratory projects are briefly described.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM030758-09
Application #
3278629
Study Section
Cellular Biology and Physiology Subcommittee 1 (CBY)
Project Start
1982-05-01
Project End
1991-06-30
Budget Start
1990-07-01
Budget End
1991-06-30
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
Shrewsbury
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
01545
Uetake, Yumi; Sluder, Greenfield (2018) Activation of the apoptotic pathway during prolonged prometaphase blocks daughter cell proliferation. Mol Biol Cell 29:2632-2643
Duronio, Robert J; O'Farrell, Patrick H; Sluder, Greenfield et al. (2017) Sophisticated lessons from simple organisms: appreciating the value of curiosity-driven research. Dis Model Mech 10:1381-1389
Sluder, Greenfield (2016) Using sea urchin gametes and zygotes to investigate centrosome duplication. Cilia 5:20
Lambrus, Bramwell G; Daggubati, Vikas; Uetake, Yumi et al. (2016) A USP28-53BP1-p53-p21 signaling axis arrests growth after centrosome loss or prolonged mitosis. J Cell Biol 214:143-53
Wu, Qiong; Madany, Pasil; Akech, Jacqueline et al. (2015) The SWI/SNF ATPases Are Required for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation. J Cell Physiol 230:2683-94
Lambrus, Bramwell G; Uetake, Yumi; Clutario, Kevin M et al. (2015) p53 protects against genome instability following centriole duplication failure. J Cell Biol 210:63-77
Sluder, Greenfield (2014) One to only two: a short history of the centrosome and its duplication. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 369:
Ward, C L; Boggio, K J; Johnson, B N et al. (2014) A loss of FUS/TLS function leads to impaired cellular proliferation. Cell Death Dis 5:e1572
Douthwright, Stephen; Sluder, Greenfield (2014) Link between DNA damage and centriole disengagement/reduplication in untransformed human cells. J Cell Physiol 229:1427-36
Sluder, Greenfield; Nordberg, Joshua J (2013) Microscope basics. Methods Cell Biol 114:1-10

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