This study compares maternal-fetal transfer and neonatal neurobehavioral effects of opiate analgesics meperidine and alfentanil. Meperidine (pethidine) is widely used in obstetric practice and alfentanil represents a group of newly developed, potent opiate analgesics with pharmacodynamic properties favoring minimal maternal-fetal transfer. The purpose is to provide a thorough and quantitative evaluation of the impact of exposure to opiate analgesic at birth on subsequent well-being of the neonate, and to define the relationship between neonatal effects and the pharmacokinetics of the analgesics in the maternal-fetal-placental unit. This problem is approached in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) which provides a rigorous model for the human obstetric situation through the use of techniques for conscious vaginal delivery in minimally restrained animals, measurement of maternal fetal drug transfer and standardized neurobehavioral assessment of the infant. A very high percentage of the population is exposed to analgesic agents during parturition. Studies using neurobehavioral assessments have raised the question of the safety of these agents for the newborn. However, practical and ethical limits of studies in the human parturant prevent the resolution of many issues. Through this study we hope to provide pertinent, systematic information that will be useful in the selection of analgesics for use in obstetric practice.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM032920-02
Application #
3282147
Study Section
Surgery, Anesthesiology and Trauma Study Section (SAT)
Project Start
1984-01-01
Project End
1985-12-31
Budget Start
1985-01-01
Budget End
1985-12-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1985
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Type
DUNS #
094878337
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
Golub, M S; Germann, S L (1998) Perinatal bupivacaine and infant behavior in rhesus monkeys. Neurotoxicol Teratol 20:29-41
Golub, M S; Kaaekuahiwi, M A; Eisele, P H et al. (1998) Newborn tissue concentrations of bupivacaine following maternal epidural administration during labor in guinea pigs. Biol Neonate 74:304-13
Golub, M S (1996) Labor analgesia and infant brain development. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 55:619-28
DeWeert, T M; Golub, M S; Kaaekuahiwi, M A (1995) Long-term epidural catheterization of rhesus macaques: loss of resistance technique. Lab Anim Sci 45:94-7
Golub, M S; Donald, J M (1995) Effect of intrapartum meperidine on behavior of 3- to 12-month-old infant rhesus monkeys. Biol Neonate 67:140-8
Golub, M S; Kaaekuahiwi, M A (1995) Response to maternal separation in infant guinea pigs exposed to intrapartum meperidine. Dev Psychobiol 28:59-68
Eisele, P H; Kaaekuahiwi, M A; Canfield, D R et al. (1994) Epidural catheter placement for testing of obstetrical analgesics in female guinea pigs. Lab Anim Sci 44:486-90
Golub, M S; Eisele Jr, J H; Donald, J M (1991) Effect of intrapartum meperidine on the behavioral consequences of neonatal oxygen deprivation in rhesus monkey infants. Dev Pharmacol Ther 16:231-40
Golub, M S (1990) Use of monkey neonatal neurobehavioral test batteries in safety testing protocols. Neurotoxicol Teratol 12:537-41
Golub, M S; Eisele Jr, J H; Hwang, F Y et al. (1989) Late-pregnancy changes in peripheral plasma beta-endorphin in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Gynecol Obstet Invest 27:113-7

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