Pre-mRNA splicing is a critical and regulated processing event where introns are precisely excised from nascent RNA transcripts. As many as one third of all heritable disease mutations result in splicing defects. This research studies the role of branchpoints in determining splice site selection (3'ss) is utilized in vivo and also the effect branchpoints have on the life cycle of the intron. Each pre-mRNA splicing event creates a lariat and spliced exon junction. While a great deal is known about splice exon junctions almost nothing is known about lariats. By mapping all branchpoints in the human genome, we are opening up a whole new area of analysis. The identification of branchpoints by transcript data will facilitate the interpretation of clinical sequencing data. In addition to the intrinsic value of this data, the successful completion of this proposal will test some hypothesis about the fundamental catalysis and recognition that occurs in vivo in the processing of eukaryotic genes. Studying these intermediates at a system wide level will bring a biochemical-level understanding to hundreds of thousands of processing events. Furthermore, each intron lariat has a lifecycle - created by splicing of a transcribed product, recycled by debranching and degradation. The recycling of introns is vital to replenishing the intracellular levels of free nucleotides and to return splicing factors into active spliceosomes. Some introns have a second life after splicing as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). As we are sampling steady state levels of introns we gain insight into both these processes. This proposal seeks to follow this lead by exploring some of the reasons why certain introns appear stabilized.
A great deal of research effort has been invested in understanding how pre-mRNA are spliced into mRNAs. However, each splicing event produces an exercised intron as well as the spliced mRNA. Very little is known about lariat introns but their characterization is very informative about splicing and the mechanisms by which cells control RNA. We have recently discovered a new method for identifying these lariats in deep sequencing data. This proposal seeks to scale this up this method to map all branchpoints in the genome and to better understand the life cycle of introns in a cell.
| Soemedi, Rachel; Cygan, Kamil J; Rhine, Christy L et al. (2017) The effects of structure on pre-mRNA processing and stability. Methods 125:36-44 |
| Taggart, Allison J; Lin, Chien-Ling; Shrestha, Barsha et al. (2017) Large-scale analysis of branchpoint usage across species and cell lines. Genome Res 27:639-649 |
| Lin, Chien-Ling; Taggart, Allison J; Fairbrother, William G (2016) RNA structure in splicing: An evolutionary perspective. RNA Biol 13:766-71 |
| Lin, Chien-Ling; Taggart, Allison J; Lim, Kian Huat et al. (2016) RNA structure replaces the need for U2AF2 in splicing. Genome Res 26:12-23 |
| Fredericks, Alger M; Cygan, Kamil J; Brown, Brian A et al. (2015) RNA-Binding Proteins: Splicing Factors and Disease. Biomolecules 5:893-909 |
