Site-selective functionalization of aliphatic C?H bonds can provide shortcuts to the synthesis of bioactive molecules, including those that cannot be feasibly or practically made using other synthetic approaches. Given the prevalence of nitrogen- and oxygen-containing functional groups in approved drugs, the importance of developing general methods for aliphatic C?H amination and hydroxylation in particular is widely recognized. Although catalytic methods for both selective intermolecular and directed C?H hydroxylations of aliphatic C?H bonds have been successfully developed, their generality is greatly limited by a lack of functional group compatibility and limited ability to override substrate control of selectivity. Similar challenges exist for aliphatic C?H amination, and they are comparatively greater given that only a handful of site-selective methods have yet been reported. As such, new catalytic methods for selective aliphatic C?H hydroxylation and amination that are more tolerant of a wide range of functional groups and that are amenable to new strategies to control site selectivity will greatly improve the generality and scope of this synthetic approach. In turn, these new methods will improve the ability of synthetic chemists to efficiently synthesize therapeutic leads. We propose a new, unified catalytic strategy to achieve site-selective aliphatic hydroxylation and amination. The strategy features the use of iminium salt organocatalysts developed in our lab, that we have discovered overcome functional group compatibility issues inherent to other catalytic methods. The objective of Aim 1 is to develop iminium salt-catalyzed intermolecular site-selective hydroxylation reactions that are compatible with alcohol functional groups, including hydroxylations of methylene C?H bonds that are selective for alcohol products. The objective of Aim 2 is to develop intermolecular iminium salt-catalyzed amidation reactions that are selective for one of many sp3 C?H bonds. Finally, the objective of Aim 3 is to apply these organocatalytic methods to directed aliphatic C?H hydroxylations and aminations to achieve remote functionalizations of aldehyde and ketone substrates that are not addressed by existing catalytic methods. The proposed research will result in new methods for accessing synthons common to bioactive molecules and new methods for the late-stage diversification of therapeutic leads.

Public Health Relevance

The goal of the proposed research is to establish a new catalytic strategy for carbon-hydrogen bond functionalization that facilitates the rapid synthesis of small molecules containing alcohol and amine functional groups. Since these functional groups are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals and other bioactive compounds, this research will directly impact public health by enabling efficient and selective synthetic access to new therapeutic leads.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM124092-04
Application #
9962899
Study Section
Synthetic and Biological Chemistry B Study Section (SBCB)
Program Officer
Brown, Patrick
Project Start
2017-07-01
Project End
2022-06-30
Budget Start
2020-07-01
Budget End
2021-06-30
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2020
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Virginia
Department
Chemistry
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
065391526
City
Charlottesville
State
VA
Country
United States
Zip Code
22904
Combee, Logan A; Raya, Balaram; Wang, Daoyong et al. (2018) Organocatalytic nitrenoid transfer: metal-free selective intermolecular C(sp3)-H amination catalyzed by an iminium salt. Chem Sci 9:935-939
Dyer, Robert M B; Hahn, Philip L; Hilinski, Michael K (2018) Selective Heteroaryl N-Oxidation of Amine-Containing Molecules. Org Lett 20:2011-2014