Humans and many other animals exhibit a wide variety of social behaviors. Traditionally, primates have been used as research models of human behavior due to their close evolutionary relationship to humans and their highly social behavior. However, the use of primates for such research has significant economic, practical, and ethical drawbacks, and, in that light, it would be useful to find other models for behavioral studies that exhibit complex social behaviors. One potential model that fits both criteria is the extensive family of insects collectively known as the ants, some species of which exhibit highly complex ?eusocial? behaviors involving a strict division of labor between sterile workers and reproductive queens. Among ant workers, there is a further division of labor, with different tasks allocated among different castes of workers. Our hypothesis is that caste/colony-specific aggression and social hierarchy reflect and in-part are determined by chemosensory programs dictated largely through odorant receptors and shifts in neuropeptidomic profiles. We will investigate this question in two ant species?Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator?that exist in large colonies that are composed of just a few males, and the remainder are females, including one (typically) queen, and numerous workers that engage in caste/colony specific aggressive behaviors such as defense, policing and dueling.

Public Health Relevance

This project focuses on the role of olfaction and, specifically, odorant receptors in modulating caste/colony- specific aggression in two species of highly social ants?the Florida Carpenter Ant, Camponotus floridanus and the Indian Jumping Ant, Harpegnathos saltator. In particular, we will assess how odorant receptors drive the alterations of chemosensory acuity that underlie caste/colony identity and their role in driving the social behaviors associated with social hierarchy?most notably aggression. These studies represent a valuable new model for similar human-related behavioral questions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01GM128336-02
Application #
9765351
Study Section
Molecular Neurogenetics Study Section (MNG)
Program Officer
Sesma, Michael A
Project Start
2018-08-16
Project End
2022-04-30
Budget Start
2019-05-01
Budget End
2020-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Department
Biology
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
965717143
City
Nashville
State
TN
Country
United States
Zip Code
37203