The effects of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the rapidly growing and developing gastrointestinal tract are unknown. This project will evaluate these neonatal acute and chronic TPN intestinal effects. We will also study separately the effects of partial enteral feeding and IV glutamine during TPN. The 3 day old piglet littermates will receive for 3 weeks either a balanced IV TPN solution containing amino acid (8 gm/kg/day), glucose (45 mg/kg/day), and fat (4.0 gm/kg/day), or an oral sow milk replacer (SMR) calorically equivalent to the TPN, or continue breast feeding. In Phase 2, after 3 weeks or TPN, the piglets will receive SMR for 2 more weeks and be compared to littermates who received SMR for 6 weeks. One of the 3 TPN littermates will receive glutamine (2%) as a portion of the TPN protein and another will receive 10% of his caloric requirement as SMR enterally. Phase B will extend the TPN period and recovery period to 4 weeks respectively and in 1 of 3 TPN animals, 25% of the total caloric requirement will be given as enteral SMR. Evaluations pre-study, after 3-4 weeks of therapy and pre- necropsy after 6-8 weeks of nutrition include: (1) Intestinal loop perfusion studies with an isotonic balanced salt solution containing sucrose, xylose, casein hydrolysate, and PEG; (2) Proximal and distal small intestinal biopsies at the above specified intervals and at necropsy for histology, disaccharidase levels, polyamine and diamine oxidase activity as well as serum diamine oxidase levels. At necropsy, gross morphology and anatomic measurements, intestinal protein, DNA content, and labeling indices will be measured. This study will define both the acute and chronic histologic, enzymatic and functional intestinal effects of neonatal TPN. It will describe the intestinal effects of giving either 10% or 25% of the TPN caloric needs as enteral feedings and determine if IV glutamine will prevent the deleterious intestinal effects of TPN.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD021093-02
Application #
3319813
Study Section
Nutrition Study Section (NTN)
Project Start
1988-02-01
Project End
1991-01-31
Budget Start
1989-02-01
Budget End
1990-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1989
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Johns Hopkins University
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
045911138
City
Baltimore
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
21218
Remillard, R L; Guerino, F; Dudgeon, D L et al. (1998) Intravenous glutamine or limited enteral feedings in piglets: amelioration of small intestinal disuse atrophy. J Nutr 128:2723S-2726S
Remillard, R L; Dudgeon, D L; Yardley, J H (1998) Atrophied small intestinal responses of piglets to oral feedings of milk. J Nutr 128:2727S-2729S