The purpose of the proposed studies is to examine the changes in amino acid transport which occur during preimplantation development of mouse embryos. Preliminary studies suggest that transport systems A and L may disappear from two-cell embryos by the time they become blastocysts. Conversely, a previously uncharacterized system, provisionally termed B-o,+, is the predominant transport activity which blastocysts can express, but it is less conspicuous in two-cell embryos. The times during development when changes occur in the capacity of embryos to express amino acid transport activities will be determined more precisely and the biochemical mechanisms which produce the changes explored. Since the capacity to express B-o,+ activity is present in implanting blastocysts but is apparently diminished during diapause, changes in the capacity of embryos to express transport activities will also be followed as blastocysts enter and leave this apparently quiescent state. These data will be used to try to devise culture media which result in more normal development of preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro, and may therefore help improve in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer procedures. Moreover, the presence of the capacity to express B-o,+ activity in blastocysts may be a novel enough biochemical characteristic to serve as a focus on which eventually to design new birth control devices on the one hand, and tests of the suitability of individual blastocysts for embryo transfer on the other.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HD021801-02
Application #
3320935
Study Section
Human Embryology and Development Subcommittee 2 (HED)
Project Start
1986-04-01
Project End
1989-03-31
Budget Start
1987-04-01
Budget End
1988-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1987
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine
Department
Type
Schools of Osteopathy
DUNS #
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60615
Van Winkle, L J; Dickinson, H R (1995) Differences in amino acid content of preimplantation mouse embryos that develop in vitro versus in vivo: in vitro effects of five amino acids that are abundant in oviductal secretions. Biol Reprod 52:96-104
Van Winkle, L J; Kakuda, D K; MacLeod, C L (1995) Multiple components of transport are associated with murine cationic amino acid transporter (mCAT) expression in Xenopus oocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1233:213-6
Van Winkle, L J; Patel, M; Wasserlauf, H G et al. (1994) Osmotic regulation of taurine transport via system beta and novel processes in mouse preimplantation conceptuses. Biochim Biophys Acta 1191:244-55
Van Winkle, L J; Campione, A L; Mann, D F et al. (1993) The cation receptor subsite of the choline transporter in preimplantation mouse conceptuses resembles a cation receptor subsite of several amino acid transporters. Biochim Biophys Acta 1146:38-44
Van Winkle, L J (1993) Endogenous amino acid transport systems and expression of mammalian amino acid transport proteins in Xenopus oocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1154:157-72
Van Winkle, L J; Mann, D F; Wasserlauf, H G et al. (1992) Mediated Na(+)-independent transport of L-glutamate and L-cystine in 1- and 2-cell mouse conceptuses. Biochim Biophys Acta 1107:299-304
Van Winkle, L J; Campione, A L (1992) Novel bumetanide-sensitive K+ transport in preimplantation mouse conceptuses. Am J Physiol 263:C773-9
Van Winkle, L J; Mann, D F; Weimer, B D et al. (1991) Na(+)-dependent transport of anionic amino acids by preimplantation mouse blastocysts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1068:231-6
Van Winkle, L J; Campione, A L (1991) Ouabain-sensitive Rb+ uptake in mouse eggs and preimplantation conceptuses. Dev Biol 146:158-66
Van Winkle, L J; Campione, A L; Farrington, B H (1990) Development of system B0,+ and a broad-scope Na(+)-dependent transporter of zwitterionic amino acids in preimplantation mouse conceptuses. Biochim Biophys Acta 1025:225-33

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