Feeding problems requiring medical intervention occur in 3-10% of children. In addition, severe feeding problems occur in 40-70% of children with chronic medical conditions. Gastrostomy (G-) and gastrojejunal (G- J) tube feeding requirements may persist for months or years resulting in chronic oral food refusal. As the prevalence of gastrostomy tube feeding has increased, so have the challenges associated with managing a child with tube feeding and transitioning a child from tube to oral feeding. Previous research on transitioning children from tube to oral feeding indicates that most programs are inpatient or day treatment, and many children are not successful. Our team developed a novel interdisciplinary outpatient protocol for transitioning children from tube to oral feeding called iKanEat. Data indicate iKanEat is effective for transitioning tube fed children to oral eating. iKanEat results in statistically significant and clinically meaningful increases in oral eating. iKanEat is composed of several key components, including two medications ? amitriptyline and megesterol. However, our most recent work (HD066629) suggests that amitriptyline is not a necessary component of the protocol, as all children who completed the protocol consumed 100% of their calories orally at post treatment regardless of receiving amitriptyline or placebo. The current proposal is a randomized controlled trial of the second medication (megesterol) compared to placebo, to determine if megesterol improves the effectiveness of the iKanEat protocol. As all medications have side effects, it is critical we determine if the benefits of megesterol as part of iKanEat outweigh the risks of the medication. The primary aim of the current study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial of megesterol, the only remaining medication that is part of the iKanEat protocol.
The second aim i s to assess the safety of megesterol as part of the iKanEat protocol. Our previous work (as well as work by others) suggests that a 6 week course of megesterol can lead to adrenal insufficiency in some children, so as part of the current protocol we will assess the safety of a 4 week course of this drug. Finally, parents of tube fed children encounter multiple psychosocial stressors regarding tube feeding. These include concerns about their child?s survival due to their underlying medical issues, feelings of ?failure? due to their inability to feed their child orally, increased feelings of stress around the tube feeding, and decreased support from others due to the tube feeding. Our research indicates that quality of life is poor in tube fed children, even more so than children with cancer or burns. Given the significance of these issues, the third aim of the study is to examine the effect of the transition from tube to oral feeding on parent stress and parent and child quality of life.
Serious feeding problems are relatively common among medically complicated pediatric populations and treatment options for these children and families are limited. The current study will assess the effectiveness of iKanEat, an outpatient multicomponent treatment designed to transition children from tube to oral feeding, specifically conducting a randomized controlled trial of a medication called megesterol that is a component of the treatment. If effective, this intervention could easily be disseminated to improve the health of these medically complicated children, and the current trial will prevent us from including megesterol if it is not a necessary component of iKanEat.
