These proposed studies will investigate the factors which control renal hemodynamics and arterial blood pressure in both normotensive and hypertensive pregnancies. These proposed studies are divided into the following areas: 1). elucidation of the signal(s) causing and maintaining the gestational reduction in total peripheral and renal vascular resistance, and plasma and ECF expansion and characterization these events 2). vascular and glomerular reactivity to various vasopressor hormones throughout pregnancy; are exogenous and endogenous hormones seen differently? 3). investigation into sex differences in renal vasculature. 4). investigation of immediate and long term consequences to the kidney and cardiovascular system of the mother when pregnancy is superimposed on underlying hypertension; many different models will be employed. 5). investigation into the adverse interaction between reduction in uterine perfusion and pregnancy outcome. Studies will be performed using two in vivo experiment techniques; 1). the conscious chronically catheterized preparation which allows measurements to be made of renal and cardiovascular function, in completely unstressed conditions 2). the glomerular micropuncture technique which allows measurements to be made of segmental renal vascular resistances, pressures and flows. Also, a third, in vitro technique, using the isolated glomerulus will allow a direct assessment of glomerular reactivity to various vasoactive agents. Combination of these experimental tools will permit a thorough, and physiologically relevant investigation into the control of renal and cardiovascular function in normal and hypertensive pregnancies.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL031933-07
Application #
3343090
Study Section
Cardiovascular and Renal Study Section (CVB)
Project Start
1988-12-01
Project End
1991-11-30
Budget Start
1989-12-01
Budget End
1990-11-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
West Virginia University
Department
Type
Schools of Dentistry
DUNS #
191510239
City
Morgantown
State
WV
Country
United States
Zip Code
26506
Santmyire, Beth R; Venkat, Vasuki; Beinder, Ernst et al. (2010) Impact of the estrus cycle and reduction in estrogen levels with aromatase inhibition, on renal function and nitric oxide activity in female rats. Steroids 75:1011-5
Smith, Cheryl A; Santymire, Beth; Erdely, Aaron et al. (2010) Renal nitric oxide production in rat pregnancy: role of constitutive nitric oxide synthases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 299:F830-6
Podjarny, Eduardo; Losonczy, Gyorgy; Baylis, Chris (2004) Animal models of preeclampsia. Semin Nephrol 24:596-606
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Podjarny, E; Baylis, C; Losonczy, G (1999) Animal models of preeclampsia. Semin Perinatol 23:2-13
Kriston, T; Venuto, R C; Baylis, C et al. (1999) Hemodynamic and renal effects of U-46619, a TXA2/PGH2 analog, in late-pregnant rats. Am J Physiol 276:R831-7
Baylis, C (1999) Glomerular filtration rate in normal and abnormal pregnancies. Semin Nephrol 19:133-9
Mahaney, J; Felton, C; Taylor, D et al. (1998) Renal cortical Na+-K+-ATPase activity and abundance is decreased in normal pregnant rats. Am J Physiol 275:F812-7
Masilamani, S; Hobbs, G R; Baylis, C (1998) The acute pressure natriuresis response blunted and the blood pressure response reset in the normal pregnant rat. Am J Obstet Gynecol 179:486-91
Baylis, C; Beinder, E; Suto, T et al. (1998) Recent insights into the roles of nitric oxide and renin-angiotensin in the pathophysiology of preeclamptic pregnancy. Semin Nephrol 18:208-30

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