Physical activity and dietary intake of saturated fat, sodium, and calories are well documented behavioral factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases (33,73,96). While it is suspected that the behavioral and environmental roots of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and clinical CVD are present in childhood (4,44), there have been relatively few attempts to study the early development of dietary and physical activity behaviors. Knowledge of the determinants, stability, and relationships of childhood behaviors to physiologic risk variables could be useful for setting priorities and designing public health interventions for the next generations of youth. The proposed grant will allow for the analyses of data (HL 35109) which describe physical activity and dietary behaviors and their determinants among 351 Anglo and Hispanic children from low and middle socioeconomic status (SES) families followed from ages 4 to 7 years. Selection of possible determinants to be studied is based on social cognitive learning theory.
The specific aims of the study are as follows: 1. To study determinants of physical activity and dietary intake of fat, sodium, and calories, and changes in these behaviors in children. 2. To describe the development of salt taste preference in children, and to study determinants of salt taste preference (including parents' salt taste preference) and the stability or changes in this variable over time. 3. To determine the relationships between diet and physical activity practices and physiologic indicators of risk, such as blood pressure, skinfolds, body mass, and serum lipoproteins. 4. To describe, in children, the time trends and the degree of tracking of physical activity habits and nutritional intake of fat, sodium, and calories. This study's database will add significant new data on the determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviors in children. It is the only such large longitudinal database available on Mexican-American families and children and SES-comparable Anglo families and children. It will provide unique data, not previously available, on cultural differences and influences on health behavior among young children.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01HL035109-06A1
Application #
3348687
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (SRC (FP))
Project Start
1986-07-01
Project End
1994-03-31
Budget Start
1992-04-13
Budget End
1993-03-31
Support Year
6
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
077758407
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
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Elder, J P; Broyles, S L; McKenzie, T L et al. (1998) Direct home observations of the prompting of physical activity in sedentary and active Mexican- and Anglo-American children. J Dev Behav Pediatr 19:26-30
Zive, M M; Frank-Spohrer, G C; Sallis, J F et al. (1998) Determinants of dietary intake in a sample of white and Mexican-American children. J Am Diet Assoc 98:1282-9
McKenzie, T L; Sallis, J F; Elder, J P et al. (1997) Physical activity levels and prompts in young children at recess: a two-year study of a bi-ethnic sample. Res Q Exerc Sport 68:195-202
Sallis, J F; Berry, C C; Broyles, S L et al. (1995) Variability and tracking of physical activity over 2 yr in young children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27:1042-9
McKenzie, T L; Sallis, J F; Nader, P R et al. (1992) Anglo- and Mexican-American preschoolers at home and at recess: activity patterns and environmental influences. J Dev Behav Pediatr 13:173-80
Zive, M M; McKay, H; Frank-Spohrer, G C et al. (1992) Infant-feeding practices and adiposity in 4-y-old Anglo- and Mexican-Americans. Am J Clin Nutr 55:1104-8
Calfas, K J; Sallis, J F; Nader, P R (1991) The development of scales to measure knowledge and preference for diet and physical activity behavior in 4- to 8-year-old children. J Dev Behav Pediatr 12:185-90

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