We propose a longitudinal study beginning with 3-4 year old children, using an intensive naturalistic observational method to answer the following general questions: 1) Do children and parents from high Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk families differ from children and parents from low CVD risk families in regard to CVD risk ralated behaviors, CVD risk factors, or social influence attempts in regard to obseity or diet and exercise? 2) Why do some children become obese and others do not? 3) Why do some children develop cardiovascular risk factors and others do not? 4) do the variables or relationships among variables, above, vary by the age of the child, as the child becomes 7-8 years old? by gender of the child? by ethnicity of the family? or by the obesity of the parents? We propose to study a randomly selected sample of 3-4 year old children born on Galveston Island, stratified by the gender of the child and the ethnicity of the family. We will collect clinic data (blood pressures, resting pulse, height, weight, skinfolds and plasma cholesterol fractions, Type A behaviors) on the children at five times over the course of the five years in the project. During the four years between each of the elinic measurements, we will collect four days of observation data on the diet and exercise habits of the children and the social influence attempts. At the time of clinic assessment, we will also collect clinic data on parents of the child, and self report data on the parents diet and exercise habits and other psychosocial variables. This is a particularly important study because: 1) the observation methods will permit the most accurate assessment of the diet and exercise habits of the 3-4 year old children during this important four year phase in their development, where accurate self or parent report data is virtually impossible, and 2) it extends the observation of social influence categories (in regard to diet and exersise behaviors) to full day observations of child behavior on children from three ethnicities. We have also proposed two substudies. The first substudy will assess the energy expenditure levels (METs) of children in three age groups (3-4 yrs, 5-6 yrs, 7-8 yrs) and three body types (lean, average, obese) in 12 different activities, corresponding to the activity categories on the activity observation forms. The second substudy will determine how accurately mothers can provide a 24 hour recall on the diet and exercise behaviors of their 3-4 year old children, as compared to observational data on the same behaviors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL035131-05
Application #
3348734
Study Section
(SRC)
Project Start
1985-09-30
Project End
1990-06-30
Budget Start
1989-09-30
Budget End
1990-06-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1989
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Medical Br Galveston
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
041367053
City
Galveston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77555
Jago, R; Baranowski, T; Baranowski, J C et al. (2005) BMI from 3-6 y of age is predicted by TV viewing and physical activity, not diet. Int J Obes (Lond) 29:557-64
Jago, Russell; Baranowski, Tom; Watson, Kathy et al. (2004) Relationships between maternal and child cardiovascular risk factors: ethnic differences and lack of influence of physical activity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:1125-31
Baranowski, T; Domel, S B (1994) A cognitive model of children's reporting of food intake. Am J Clin Nutr 59:212S-217S
DuRant, R H; Baranowski, T; Puhl, J et al. (1993) Evaluation of the Children's Activity Rating Scale (CARS) in young children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 25:1415-21
Baranowski, T; Thompson, W O; DuRant, R H et al. (1993) Observations on physical activity in physical locations: age, gender, ethnicity, and month effects. Res Q Exerc Sport 64:127-33
Durant, R H; Baranowski, T; Davis, H et al. (1992) Reliability and variability of heart rate monitoring in 3-, 4-, or 5-yr-old children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 24:265-71
Baranowski, T; Bryan, G T; Harrison, J A et al. (1992) Height, infant-feeding practices and cardiovascular functioning among 3 or 4 year old children in three ethnic groups. J Clin Epidemiol 45:513-8
Baranowski, T; Sprague, D; Baranowski, J H et al. (1991) Accuracy of maternal dietary recall for preschool children. J Am Diet Assoc 91:669-74
Higginbotham, J C; Baranowski, T; Puhl, J et al. (1991) Ethnicity, gender, and Type A differences in resting heart rate and blood pressure among young children. Ethn Dis 1:123-34
Treiber, F A; Baranowski, T; Braden, D S et al. (1991) Social support for exercise: relationship to physical activity in young adults. Prev Med 20:737-50

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