Modernizing Samoans are characterized high levels of certain cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as extreme adiposity and high prevalences of obesity and hypertension. However, lipid levels in Samoans such as total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are not consistent with their obesity and not always consistent with ecological measures of modernization. The overall research objective of this study is to evaluate the role of known genes involved in lipid metabolism on serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels in 1,301 adults ages 29-59 years residing in American and Western Samoa, who are exposed to the biobehavioral changes of modernization. The planned studies reflect the intellectual overlap among investigators from two different institutions. This objective will be achieved through the following specific aims: quantitative determinations of lipid and apolipoprotein levels (Aim 1), estimation of the effects of dietary intake on lipid and apolipoproteins (Aim 2), cross-sectional analyses of genetic factors influencing lipid and lipoprotein levels (Aims 3, 4), statistical analyses to test hypotheses about gene-environment interactions (Aim 5) and gene-gene interactions (Aim 6) in polynesians from American Samoa and Western Samoa. Diet, physical activity and body size vary with exposure to the influences of economic modernization and the adoption of non- traditional behaviors. Although adiposity and its central distribution, insulin, blood pressure and dietary cholesterol increase from Western Samoa to American Samoa, saturated fat intakes due to coconuts and cigarette smoking are greater in Western Samoa. Thus, modernization does not produce simple unilineal changes in risk factors. We will examine very specific hypotheses, based on the cross-sectional data collected in 1994 and 1995, about the influence of genes on lipids, about genetic interactions on lipids and about concrete environmental and specific gene interactions on lipid outcomes.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01HL052611-03
Application #
2378828
Study Section
Epidemiology and Disease Control Subcommittee 2 (EDC)
Project Start
1995-04-01
Project End
1999-02-28
Budget Start
1997-03-01
Budget End
1998-02-28
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1997
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pittsburgh
Department
Genetics
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
053785812
City
Pittsburgh
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
15213
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