Despite decades of intensive investigation, sudden death secondary to ventricular fibrillation (VF) remains a leading cause of mortality in the US and other developed countries. Recently, several promising hypotheses regarding the mechanism for VF have been introduced. However, it has not been possible using currently available experimental techniques to determine which theory (or theories) is most applicable to VF. To address this issue, we propose to: 1) construct a cardiac mapping system from nanofabricated components that is capable of assessing cardiac activation and repolarization with high spatial and temporal resolution and with minimal tissue damage; 2) use a novel phase mapping technique to analyze the mapping data, with the objective of identifying the location and number of phase singularities during sinus rhythm, ventricular tachycardia and VF; 3) use the phase singularity data to distinguish between three putative mechanisms for VF - an anchored rotor with fibrillatory conduction, a meandering rotor or multiple rotors. MEMs technology will be used to construct microscale mechanical needle-like structures with integrated electrodes that are ultrasonically activated, to minimize tissue damage during insertion. The electrode arrays will be used to map activation and repolarization in canine ventricular myocardium in vitro and in normal and acutely ischemic pig hearts in situ during fixed pacing and during VF. The mapping data will be analyzed using a fast Fourier-demodulation technique to identify singularities and wave vectors during VF. Computer models of 2- and 3-D myocardium also will be used to generate surrogate data sets for testing the analysis algorithms. The results of this study will lead to significant advances in three key areas: development of devices to map cardiac electrical activity with unprecedented spatial resolution; application of newer and more sophisticated techniques to analyze large mapping data sets; interpretation of high resolution mapping data within the context of novel hypotheses regarding the genesis of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Taken together, these advances in data acquisition, analysis and interpretation are expected to lead to new and more effective means of identifying and treating patients at risk for the development of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias. ? ? ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01HL073644-01A1
Application #
6796515
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-CVS-D (50))
Program Officer
Lathrop, David A
Project Start
2004-09-15
Project End
2009-08-31
Budget Start
2004-09-15
Budget End
2005-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2004
Total Cost
$447,907
Indirect Cost
Name
Cornell University
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Veterinary Medicine
DUNS #
872612445
City
Ithaca
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
14850
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